道德视域中的王阳明知行观研究-中国哲学专业论文.docxVIP

朱良钰：道德视域中的王阳明知行观研究 朱良钰：道德视域中的王阳明知行观研究 II II 中 文 摘 要 王阳明“知行合一”的思想，是中国古代知行思想发展史上重要一环。从马 克思主义认识论角度看，他的知行思想糟粕居多，但作为儒学大师，王阳明和他 之前的其他理学家一样，都追求内在的超越，即把通过道德修养达到内圣作为其 人生奋斗的目标，所以他的学说完全是建立在解决如何成圣这一道德修养的最终 目标上的。而他的知行观是作为方法论存在于其心学思想之中的，所以对王阳明 的知行思想的研究应更多在道德视域中进行。 全文共分为四个部分，第一部分：王阳明知行观的形成。通过对其知行思想 的发生、发展到最后的成熟的考察，反映了王阳明知行思想的辨证发展特色。第 二部分：王阳明知行观的内容。王阳明对于“知、行”范畴有着自己的独特界说， 以“心”为认识主体，以“良知”为其认识客体，通过心理意念活动和具体实践 来达到对自我的认识，在此认识过程中，道德认识和道德实践活动合一并进。第 三部分：王阳明知行观的特点。王阳明在其知行思想中高扬了人的主体精神，弥 补了传统道德修养自觉而不自愿的弊病，使主体的道德实践活动在自觉自愿中完 成。第四部分：王阳明知行观的影响。王阳明知行观在其心学思想中作为方法论 而存在，为道德主体的成圣理想提供了可靠的理论依据。他对于知行问题的独特 理解，推动了中国传统哲学认识论思想的发展。 关键词： 王阳明 知行合一 道德视域 III III ABSTRACT The unity of knowledge and action of Wang yang-mings ideas exerts strong influence on the history of the thought of knowledge and action development in ancient China.Although his ideas of knowledge and action has many dross from the Marxist epistemology of observation, Wang yang-ming and the other before him, pursued the spiritual transcendence.They obtain the spiritual transcendence as their goal in life struggle,so his doctrine built on the ultimate goal of how to obtain the spiritual transcendence though moral cultivation.As methodology, his doctrine of knowledge and action exist his thoughe of mind,so we more sthdy the doctrine of knowledge and action of Wang yang-ming in visual of moral angle. This article is divided into four parts altogether.Firstly: the formation of the doctrine of knowledge and action of wang yang-ming. Through its occurrence and development of a mature and final inspection,reflects the development process such Syndrome of the doctrine of knowledge and action of wang yang-ming. Secondly: the contents of the doctrine of knowledge and action of Wang yang-ming.Wang yang-ming has his own unique interpretatione to the areas of knowledge and action. He regarded mind as understanding of the subiect and the innate knowledge as understanding of the object.He has the self-awareness through mental activities and practice specific a