多功能高速采集卡的设计与实现-信号与信息处理专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 摘要 随着大规模集成电路和计算机技术的飞速发展，数字信号处理技术应用越来 越广泛。在信号处理系统中，数据采集系统是不可或缺的组成部分；在现实生活 中，大多数物理信号都是模拟信号，因此，将模拟信号转换成数字信号是进行数 字信号处理和分析的前提。 本文首先简要介绍了数据采集卡的功能、现状、存在的问题以及发展趋势。 然后作者对所研制的高速采集卡功能需求进行了分析，列举了该采集卡的主要功 能指标，论述了本采集卡的系统硬件结构。接着针对采集卡所需求的性能指标， 介绍了关键器件的性能指标及选型，详细论述了系统的各个模块结构及实现方案。 该采集卡提供了两路 212.5MSPS 实时采样率、14bits 采样精度、大动态输入范围、 高速 DDR II 缓存、PCI Express（快速组件互连标准）数据传输等多功能。系统基 于虚拟仪器的原理，将采集卡获取的数据进行缓存，最终通过 PCI Express 接口上 传到 PC，使用上位机软件对信号进行后续的处理。 关键词：数据采集 高速缓存 快速组件互连标准 Abstract Abstract With the swift development of Large Scale Integration and computer sicence,the digital signal processing technique has come into every field.The data acquisition system is an indispensable and important component of the signal processing system.As analog signal is the most physical in the nature,the conversation from analog signal to digital signal has been the first step on the way of signal and analysis control. Firstly this paper briefly introduced the functions,present condition,existent problem and possible developing trend of data acquisition board.Then the author analysed the functional requirements of the designed high-speed data acquisition board,juxtaposed the main function of this board and detaily treatised the hardware construction of this board. A function for aiming at this board requesting index sign,detaily treatised the function index sign and selections of some key devices.Each model sturctrue and implemention method was briefly described.The author designed an dual channels parallel-sampling analog-to-digital board streams 14-bit resolution, which exactly in parallel at samples rates up to 212.5MSPS and implements the function of large input ranging,high DDR II cache and PCI Express interface. Based on the principle of virtual instruments,system storaged the acquisition data,eventually uploaded to computer via the PCI Express interface and then finished signal processing by using the PC software. Keywords：Data acquisition High-speed cache PCI Express 目录 i 目录 第一章 绪论 1 1.1 研究背景