Lab #2 Voltage and Current Division实验室# 2电压与电流分.docVIP

Lab #2 Voltage and Current Division In this experiment, we will be investigating the concepts of voltage and current division. Voltage and current division is an application of Kirchoff’s Laws. Kirchoff’s Voltage Law Kirchoff’s Voltage Law (KVL) states that the sum of all voltage drops around any loop in any circuit sum to zero. In mathematical form, Where the vi in Equation (2.1) are the voltages across the individual components in any circuit. As an example of how to use Kirchoff’s Voltage Law to solve a circuit, consider the circuit shown in Figure 2.1. If we apply Equation (2.1) to the loop contained in the left half of Figure (2.1), and then the right half of the circuit, while traversing each loop in a clockwise direction, we obtain the two equations This approach produces two equations for which there are three unknowns. We could use the equation for the outer loop Figure 2.1 to obtain a system of three equations and three unknowns. This would work, but there is an easier way. Let us do away with all the voltages shown in Figure 2.1 except the source and define currents flowing in the two main loops. This is shown in Figure 2.2. Since we are defining the currents, we are free to choose their directions. Call the currents I1 and I2. Let us now write equations by applying Kirchoff’s Voltage Law for the left and right loops as before, but using our defined currents. Each loop is traversed in the clockwise direction. We now have two equations with two unknowns that can easily be solved. To obtain the voltages as shown in Figure 2.1, just use Ohm’s Law. These voltages are given as Solving a circuit by defining your own currents allows you to configure the currents that would provide an easy solution. Once these are obtained, any quantity desired can be solved for. Also, by defining your own currents, you will make fewer mistakes, as it is easier to keep track of polarities of components in your equations. Kirchoff’s Current Law Kirchoff’s Current Law