Grid—Scan算法定位精度和定位率改进.docVIP

Grid—Scan算法定位精度和定位率改进 　　摘 要：针对Grid-Scan算法定位率及定位精度较低的问题，提出了一种基于虚拟锚节点的Grid-Scan定位算法。具体做了3个方面的工作：有邻居锚节点的未知节点只利用邻居锚节点进行定位，定位后的节点升级为虚拟锚节点；没有邻居锚节点的未知节点利用虚拟锚节点完成定位；锚节点及虚拟锚节点与未知节点采用不同的通信半径进行扫描并完成定位。仿真结果表明，相比传统算法，改进算法的定位精度和定位率分别平均提高了约6.35%和23.37%。 　　关键词：无线传感器网络；Grid-Scan算法；定位率；定位精度 　　中图分类号： TP393 　　文献标志码：A 　　Improvement on localization precision and positioning rate in Grid-Scan algorithm 　　LI Mu-dong1*，XIONG Wei1，LIANG Qing2 　　1. Institute of Information and Navigation， Air Force Engineering University， Xi’an Shaanxi 710077，China； 　　2. Department of Electronics and Information Engineering， Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications， Xi’an Shaanxi 710121，China 　　Abstract： 　　Concerning the poor positioning rate and localization precision of Grid-Scan algorithm， an improved Grid-Scan localization algorithm based on virtual beacon nodes was proposed. Three related works were mentioned as follows： Firstly， the unknown nodes which have neighbor beacon nodes located themselves by using the beacon nodes， and the located unknown nodes were upgraded to virtual beacon nodes. Secondly， the unknown nodes that do not have neighbor beacon nodes got their location through virtual beacon nodes. Finally， different communication radiuses were set between beacon nodes， virtual beacon nodes and unknown nodes to scan in order to accomplish the localization. The simulation results show that the improved algorithm’s positioning accuracy and positioning rate increase by 6.35% and 23.37% on average respectively. 　　英文关键词　Key words： 　　Wireless Sensor Network （WSN）； Grid-Scan algorithm； positioning rate； localization precision 　　0 引言 　　无线传感器网络（Wireless Sensor Network， WSN）是继互联网之后，又一对人类生活方式带来巨大影响的热点技术[1]。它是由大量随机分布在监测区域内的低成本的传感器节点组成，并通过无线通信方式自组织形成的分布式网络[2]。节点定位则是WSN配置和运行的一个基本和关键技术，是无线传感器网络得以广泛应用的前提条件，受到了越来越多的关注[3-5]。现有的定位算法基本可以分为两类：基于测距的定位算法和无需测距的定位算法[6]。出于对无线传感器网络成本、功耗及大多数应用场景下对节点定位精度要求不高的考虑，无需测距的定位算法更具有实用价值[7]。 　　网格扫描（Grid-Scan）定位算法[8]是一种典型的无需测距定位算法。目前，对该算法已有一些改进，如文献[9]利用未知节点与两跳范围内的锚节点的连通性约