Scott 2012 Worker Motvation史葛2012工人的动机.pptVIP

Worker Motivation Scott Perkins Outline Motivation Theories of Motivation Measurements MTQ MMI WMI Interventions Motivation The desire or reason responsible for behavior. Determines intensity, direction, and quality of behavior. Based on desire/need, incentive/reward, and self-expectations and expectations from others. Extrinsic vs. Intrinsic Motivation Work and Motivation Performance Performance = (Motivation x Ability) –Situational Constraints Work/Home Interaction Both satisfaction at work and home influence motivation. Work and Motivation Attitudes Feelings/beliefs directed toward tasks, ideas, individuals, etc. Personality Judge Ilies (2002) – Strong relationship between Big 5 personality measures and motivation. Theories of Motivation Field Theory/Group Dynamics Various forces interacting to result in the outcome behavior. Reinforcement Theory Stimulus, Response, Reward (contingent, intermittent, or continuous). Theories of Motivation Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Basic set of needs driving behavior. Theories of Motivation Dissonance Theory Dissonant cognitions = tension. Motivated to avoid dissonance. Path-Goal Theory Having a goal in mind and believing in the path to the goal will result in the necessary “path” behavior to achieve that goal. Theories of Motivation V.I.E. Valence: weighing importance of rewards/outcomes. Instrumentality: performance that leads to the outcomes. Expectancy: effort leads to performance. Theories of Motivation Equity Theory Individuals compare themselves with peers in terms of an input/outcome ratio. Individuals aim to correct discrepancies between self and peers. Theories of Motivation Goal-Setting Setting specific, difficult, attainable goals. Objective vs. Subjective Measurements Motivational Trait Questionnaire (MTQ) 48 items measuring six dimensions of general motivation. Psychometrics Test-retest .80 Strong construct validity Chronbach’s alpha .85 for subscales .83 Overall Measures Meta-Motivation Inventory (MMI) Used