一种生物柴油酯化反应装置设计及其控制分析-design and control analysis of a biodiesel esterification reactor.docxVIP

摘 要 一种生物柴油酯化反应装置设计及其控制研究，其目的主要是解决传统制备 生物柴油技术中对油脂和甲醇的搅拌混合不充分、自身耗能大、对油脂降低酸值 能力不足的问题。其实现方法是：首先利用雾化器将油脂、甲醇和酸性催化剂进 行雾化；再通入预混室，利用预混室内叶扇旋转所形成的气体涡流将油脂、甲醇 和酸性催化剂的颗粒混合，以增加液体的接触面积；然后通过酯化反应室沉降为 液体状态，并利用循环通道加速进行预酯化反应，以降低油脂的酸值；当油脂的 酸值降低且达到酯交换反应要求时，回收甲醇和酸性催化剂，再加入甲醇和碱性 催化剂进行酯交换反应，并利用循环通道加速酯交换反应生成生物柴油。其特点 是利用雾化的方法替代分子蒸馏法从而解决生产环节自身耗能大的缺点，并利用 循环预混合的方法解决油脂和甲醇两相互不溶液体混合困难和对油脂的降低酸值 能力低的问题。通过对酯化反应装置进行的流体力学分析和仿真来验证酯化反应 装置设计的合理性，并利用工业控制软件实现酯化反应生产流程的实时在线远程 监控。 关键词：生物柴油 酯化法 雾化 预混合 ABSTRACT A bio-diesel esterification reaction equipment is designed to resolve the deficiencies of traditional mechanical equipment in insufficient mixing, greater energy consumption, and higher oil acid. Firstly, atomizer is used to atomize the oil, the methanol and the acid catalysts. Secondly, the oil, the methanol and the acid catalysts are passed into pre-mixing room. To increase the contact area of several liquids above, rotating fan is located in the pre-mixing room to form eddy current. The particles of oil and methanol will be mixed well and settled to form liquid in the esterification reaction room. Thirdly, loop channel which accelerates pre-esterification reaction is used to reduce oil of acid value. While the acid value of oil has reduced to meet ester exchange reaction requirements, the methanol and acid catalyst are recycled. The methanol and alkali catalysts are joined in circular acceleration system to generate bio-diesel. Feature of the equipment is utilization the atomization method as an alternative to overcome the deficiency of the production process itself consuming excessive energy. The pre-mixing method is used to solve the difficulties of mixing oil and methanol which are two mutually insoluble liquids and high oil acid. Hydromechanics theory analysis and simulation are carried out to verify that the designing above of esterification reaction equipment is reasonable. Simulation is implemented by control software to achieve online monitoring of remote production processes. Keywords: Bio-diese