管理统计4：假设检验与方差分析.pptVIP

假设检验与方差分析 邓群钊 管理科学与工程系 dengqz3663@126.com案例讨论 某信访单位在一定时间接待了10人次，都是在星期一和四，问接待日是否有时间上的规定？ 一个正态总体的参数假设检验 讨论：SPSS实现过程？P167 案例讨论 考试及格线的制订？ 案例讨论 调查香烟购买情况，设去年人群吸烟率为 ，某公益广告作香烟有害健康广告，看今年人群吸烟率 的变化。 讨论 使用什么信息？ 讨论 学位课程为什么要70分？ 90分是优秀吗？ 二项分布的参数检验 讨论：SPSS实现过程？P179 作业 设计一个两个总体均值检验的实验。 要求： 1.目的； 2.数据调查表； 3.数据分析； 4.分析结论。 讨论 两个变量之间的关系： X Y 讨论 数据结构模型 数据结构讨论 人的身高H？ 讨论 人的身高H： μ:人类 α:民族 ε:个人 数据结构讨论 收入结构？： 讨论 收入结构： μ:最低工资（行业） α:职业（性别）（教育程度）（性格） ε:个人 方差的结构 方差的结构 讨论 One-Way Analysis of Variance The One-Way ANOVA procedure produces a one-way analysis of variance for a quantitative dependent variable by a single factor (independent) variable. Analysis of variance is used to test the hypothesis that several means are equal. This technique is an extension of the two-sample t test. One-Way Analysis of Variance In addition to determining that differences exist among the means, you may want to know which means differ. There are two types of tests for comparing means: a priori contrasts and post hoc tests. Contrasts are tests set up before running the experiment, and post hoc tests are run after the experiment has been conducted. You can also test for trends across categories. One-Way ANOVA Data Considerations Data. Factor variable values should be integers, and the dependent variable should be quantitative (interval level of measurement). Assumptions. Each group is an independent random sample from a normal population. Analysis of variance is robust to departures from normality, although the data should be symmetric. The groups should come from populations with equal variances. To test this assumption, use Levenes homogeneity-of-variance test. 讨论 数据的SPSS形式！ One-Way ANOVA Options Descriptive. Calculates the number of cases, mean, standard deviation, standard error of the mean, minimum, maximum, and 95% confidence intervals for each dependent variable for each group. Homogeneity-of-variance. Calculates the Levene statistic to test f