谭星宇冠心病和营养学星宇副本.pptVIP

动脉粥样硬化的特点是受累动脉的病变从内膜开始 在动脉内膜积聚的脂质外观呈黄色粥样 * * 有很多危险因素可以导致冠心病，有的是可改变的，有的是不能改变的。 * Atherosclerosis is a complex disease. Atherosclerotic plaques can be subdivided in accordance with their age and state of development. It is the newly formed lesions with a large lipid core, thin capped, which are fragile and therefore likely to rupture and lead to an acute ischemic event. * Slide 3 Atherothrombosis: a Generalized and Progressive Process Atherothrombosis is the common underlying disease process for MI, ischemia and vascular death. ACS are classic examples of atherothrombosis (plaque rupture and thrombus formation). ACS (in common with ischemic stroke and critical leg ischemia) are typically caused by rupture or erosion of an atherosclerotic plaque followed by formation of a platelet-rich thrombus. Atherosclerosis is an ongoing process affecting mainly large and medium-sized arteries, which can begin in childhood and progress throughout a person’s lifetime. Stable atherosclerotic plaques may encroach on the lumen of the artery and cause chronic ischemia, resulting in (stable) angina pectoris or intermittent claudication, depending on the vascular bed affected. Unstable atherosclerotic plaques may rupture, leading to the formation of a platelet-rich thrombus that partially or completely occludes the artery and causes acute ischemic symptoms. * * 冠心病和营养学常识 斗门区侨立中医院 内一科 谭星宇 *  定义： 冠状动脉发生粥样硬化引起管腔狭窄或闭塞，导致心肌缺血缺氧或坏死而引起的心脏病，简称冠心病 第一节：冠心病 冠心病是动脉粥样硬化导致器官病变的最常见类型，也是严重危害人类健康的常见病。 多发于40岁以上成人 男性发病早于女性 经济发达国家发病率高 * 病 因 年龄与性别 饮食与高脂血症 高血压 糖尿病 体重与肥胖 吸烟、脑力劳动者、遗传和家族因素 * 冠心病的危险因素 可以改变的 吸烟 血脂异常 高血压 糖尿病 肥胖 紧张 缺乏锻炼 饮食 病毒 不能改变的 遗传因素 性别——男性比女性较易患冠心病 年龄： 老年人易患 高胰岛素血症 胰岛素抵抗 * 冠心病分型 世界卫生组织分为5型 心绞痛 心肌梗死 无症状型冠心病 缺血性心肌病 猝死型冠心病 * 泡沫 细胞 脂质 条纹 中间阶 段损伤 动脉粥样硬化 纤维 斑块 复合病变破裂 从十几岁开始 从30岁开始 从40岁开始 动脉粥样硬化的进程 主要为脂肪积聚 平滑肌细胞和胶原增生