小型液冷系统散热器设计与数值模拟-人机与环境工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘要目前，液冷系统已经在各个领域得到广泛应用，而散热器是液冷系统的主要部件，它将冷 却液从发热电子设备带来的热量散去从而降低电子设备温度提高工作可靠性。对于特殊领域需 要的小型液冷系统就需要能够满足设计指标的合适的换热器来将系统的热量带走。本文主要对小型液冷系统散热器部分进行研究，介绍了换热器的类型，通过对各种类型换 热器进行比较分析得出相对设计指标较为合适的板翅式换热器型式。接着阐述了换热器优化设 计的几种理论方法，然后对平直三角形板翅式换热器进行编程设计计算，对不同翅片参数对换 热器的影响做了比较分析，并对两侧采用不同尺寸参数进行比较，得到两侧大小不同参数对换 热效果的影响。由于换热器的固体区域和两侧不同流体区域相交接的界面上是一个耦合传热的 过程，于是进行三维流固耦合数值模拟，即对板翅式换热器部分芯体结构建立三维模型，划分 网格，进行模拟仿真。首先对两侧均为平直三角形翅片进行模拟仿真，然后对两侧均为平直矩 形翅片进行建模仿真，得到两种不同翅片型式下的部分芯体结构温度分布。通过设计计算分析得到翅片参数的优选方案，即热侧采用薄而高且密的翅片冷侧采用厚而 低间距较大的翅片能获得更好的换热效果；通过三维模拟对比得出使用平直三角形翅片比矩形 翅片能够获得更好的换热效果。关键词：液冷，换热器，板翅式，设计，模拟ABSTRACTAt present, the liquid cooling system has been widely used in many fields. Heat exchanger is the most important component of the liquid cooling system, it transfers the heat that the liquid take from the calorific electronic equipment, then lower the temperature of the electronic equipment.This paper mainly researches the heat exchanger of small liquid cooling system. It introduces some different kinds of heat exchanger, by comparing with these kinds of heat exchangers, get a proper plate-fin exchanger referring to the design standard. Expound some theory on optimization of heat exchanger design. Program the triangle-straight plate-fin exchanger, analyze and compare the influences to the heat exchanging effect by different thickness and spacing and height of the fin, and get the influences to the heat exchanging effect by using different value of the fin between the two sides of the plate-fin. As the process on the boundary between the solid zone and two different fluid zones of the heat exchanger is a coupling exchanging process, so take the numerical simulation of the solid-fluid coupling heat exchanging, that is building a 3D model of the triangle heat exchanger, then dividing the grid, and taking the simulation on part core of the plate-fin heat exchanger. At first the two sides are both triangle fin, then both the rectangle, and get a temperature distribution of the different style of the part core of t