语言学课后题答案.docVIP

Blending theory: It is a cognitive operation whereby elements of two or more “mental spaces” are integrated via projection into a new, blended space which has its unique structure. The blend inherits partial structure from the input spaces and has emergent structure of its own. Categorization: It is the process of classifying our experiences into different categories based on commonalities and differences, it is a major ingredient in the creation of human knowledge, and it allows us to relate present experiences to past ones. The conceptual Approach：It is concerned with the patterns in which and the processes by with conceptual content is organized in language. It addresses how language structures conceptual content. Cognition: The term cognition is used in different ways by different disciplines. In psychology, it refers to an information processing view of an individual’s psychological functions. Cognitive Linguistics：It is an approach to language that is based on our experience of the word and the way we perceive and conceptualize it. Construal: Construal is the ability to conceive and portray the same situation in alternate ways through specificity, different mental scanning, directionality, vantage point, figure-ground segregation, etc. Construal Operation: Construal operations are conceptualizing processes used in language processes and resources employed in the interpretation of linguistic expressions. Cycle Schema: It involves repetitious events and event series. Its structure includes the following: a starting point, a progression through successive events without backtracking, a return to the initial state. Deixis: Deixis involves linguistic forms that point at something from the speech situation. In cognitive terms, deixis is the use of elements of subject’s situatedness to designate something in the scene. The Formal Approach: It basically addresses the structural patterns exhibited by the overt aspect of linguistic forms, largely abstracted away from or