英语教学论-教学流派.pptVIP

ELTM Course Approaches and Methods 1. The Grammar-translation Method (1)Theoretical Basis ● Psychological support: Faculty Psychology Linguistic support: Comparative Historical Linguistics The result of comparison between different languages indicated that the classical languages such as Greek and Latin were very much similar to the modem Indo-European languages. Some linguists believed that all languages originated from one language and were ruled by a common grammar. In foreign language teaching, .the target language was primarily interpreted as a system of rules to be observed in texts and sentences and to be related to the first language rules and meanings. The first language was maintained as the reference system in the acquisition of the target language. ● Louse Marchand: I – Ideas in L1; M -- words in L1; m – words in L2; If M = m, where is I? (2) Basic Principles a. The goal of foreign language study is to learn a language in order to read its literature or in order to benefit from the mental discipline and intellectual development that result from foreign-language study. Grammar Translation is a way of studying a language that approaches the language first through detailed analysis of its grammar rules, followed by application of this knowledge to the task of translating sentences and texts into and out of the target language. It hence views language learning as consisting of little more than memorizing rules and facts in order to understand and manipulate the morphology and syntax of the foreign language. “The first language is maintained as the reference system in the acquisition of the second language.” (Stern 1983: 455) b. Reading and writing are the major focus; little or no systematic attention is paid to speaking or listening. c. Vocabulary selection is based solely on the reading texts used, and words are taught through bilingual word lists, dictionary study, and memorization. In a typical Grammar-Translation te