抗生素的将来？（英文）What future for antibiotics？.pptVIP

下载本文档

5
0
约9.36千字
约 43页
2018-04-16 发布于江西
举报
版权申诉

抗生素的将来？（英文）What future for antibiotics？.ppt

1、有哪些信誉好的足球投注网站（book118）网站文档一经付费（服务费），不意味着购买了该文档的版权，仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用，不得用于商业用途，未经授权，严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等，侵权必究。。
2、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传，本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺！文档内容仅供研究参考，付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费，意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险，本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务；查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档，您可以点击这里二次下载。
3、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等，请点击“版权申诉”（推荐），也可以打举报电话：400-050-0827(电话支持时间：9:00-18:30)。
4、该文档为VIP文档，如果想要下载，成为VIP会员后，下载免费。
5、成为VIP后，下载本文档将扣除1次下载权益。下载后，不支持退款、换文档。如有疑问请联系我们。
6、成为VIP后，您将拥有八大权益，权益包括：VIP文档下载权益、阅读免打扰、文档格式转换、高级专利检索、专属身份标志、高级客服、多端互通、版权登记。
7、VIP文档为合作方或网友上传，每下载1次，网站将根据用户上传文档的质量评分、类型等，对文档贡献者给予高额补贴、流量扶持。如果你也想贡献VIP文档。上传文档

抗生素的将来？（英文）What future for antibiotics？

BPC 2006: Innovation in antibiotic drug discovery What future for antibiotics? Anthony W. Smith, BPharm, PhD, MRPharmS Dean The pre-antimicrobial era Black death in 14th and 15th centuries European population halved Puerperal (streptococcal) sepsis Accounted for 70% of deaths in birthing mothers Typhus Napolean Bonaparte’s army reduced from 665,000 to 93,000. Returners infected and killed 2,000,000 Influenza 1918 – 19 pandemic killed 30,000,000 in Europe, Asia, Australia and the Americas TB One of the biggest killers of mankind – 1,750,000 killed in 2003 Milestones in antimicrobial chemotherapy 1929 Fleming discovers penicillin 1935 Gerhard Domagk develops sulphonamides 1939 Discovery and purification of gramicidin by René Dubos 1941 USA commences commercial production of penicillin 1945 The “golden age of antibiotics” begins with the introduction of cephalosporins, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, erythromycin, vancomycin, gentamicin and many variations on the penicillin (b-lactam) nucleus Milestones in antimicrobial chemotherapy 1953 Multi-drug-resistant dysentery bacilli in Japan. Drug-resistant TB 1960 Methicillin-resistant S. aureus 1980s Major drug companies scale-down antibiotic discovery programmes 2000 Linezolid launched – first new class of agents in 30 years World Health GLOBAL INFECTIOUS DISEASE STATISTICS (Sep 04) b-Lactams - mode of action Emergence of antibiotic resistance by selective pressure EDG Murray (1917 – 1954) strain collection ‘pre-antibiotic era’ isolates of enteric bacteria practically fully sensitive to a range of antibiotics 2/433 penicillin resistant 9/433 tetracycline resistant Rapid emergence of resistance of the past 60 years Mutation Genetic re-arrangement Genetic resistance determinants Resistance genes can be spread by horizontal transfer Hospital-acquired infections to drug-resistant bacteria (USA 2002) MRSA in Europe (2002 data) Greece 48.6% UK 44.5% Germany 27.2% Spain 23.5% Belgium 19.2% Czech Republic 6.2% Net