机械手分类大小球电气控制及PLC毕业设计.doc.docVIP

摘 要 机械手是能够模仿人手动作，并按设定程序、轨迹和要求代替人手抓（吸）取、搬运工件或工具或进行操作的自动化装置，它能部分的代替人的手工劳动。较高级型式的机械手，还 能模拟人的手臂动作，完成较复杂的作业。在机械制造业中，机械手已被广泛应用，从而大大地改善了工人的劳动条件，显著的提高劳动生产率，加快实现工业生产 机械化和自动化的步伐。 在我国，工业机械手近年来有较快的发展，投入了大量的人力物力加以研究和应用，并且很好的效果。本课题主要研究的问题是“近距离自 动移动式机械手臂设计——气压驱动式”。设计包括两大方面，其中之一是自动行走部分，另一部分为手臂的运转。采用同一驱动能源——气泵。行走部分可以采用气压马达带动两轮转动。气压泵固定在某处，用一根软管将泵与马达相连，马达安装在行走装置中。运动手臂的直线运动用气缸来实现，旋转运动用气压马达来实 现。行走的时候手臂不动，手臂运动的时候，行走部分停止运动。 ? 工业机械手可以代替人手的繁重劳动，显著减轻工人的劳动强度，提高 劳动生产率和自动化水平。工业生产中经常出现的笨重工件的搬运和长期频繁，单调的操作，如果没有机械手那么工人的劳动强度是很高的，有时候还要用行车员工件，生产速度大大延缓，这种情况采用机械手是很有效的。此外，它能在高温、低温、深水、宇宙、反射性和其他有毒、有污染环境条件上进行操作。更显其优越性，有着广阔的发展前途。劳动强度有效Manipulator is to be able to imitate manpower movement, and according to set program, locus and requirement substitute manpower to grab (inhale), take things or tool or the automation installation that operated， it can be partial toreplace the handwork labor of person. The manipulator of higher level type can still imitate the arm movement of person，completes more complex work. In mechanical manufacturing industry, manipulator has been applied extensively，so improved the labor condition of worker greatly,? raising labor productivity notably, quickly realize the step of industrial production mechanization and automation. The movement of arm in straight line realizes with cylinder, revolving movement realizes with the motor of atmospheric pressure. Walking arm do not move, when the arm moving, walk part stop sport. ? Industrial robots can replace the hands of heavy labor, significantly reduce labor intensity, and improve labor productivity and automation level. Industrial production often appears in the heavy work frequently, handling and long-term operation, if not drab robots that labor intensity is high, sometimes even with employees, driving speed greatly retard, this kind of circumstance using manipulator is very effective. In addition, it can be in high temperature, low temperature, water, the universe, reflective and other toxic, environmental pollution condition on t