货代英语复习讲义笔记.docVIP

【大纲详解】 　　一、国际贸易的定义和重要性 　　1．课本：International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories. In most countries, it represents a significant share of gross domestic product （GDP）. 　　注释： 　　International trade：国际贸易 　　exchange：交换 　　border：边界 　　territory：领土 　　represent：代表 　　significant：显著的，重大的 　　Gross Domestic Product（GDP）：国内生产总值 　　译文：国际贸易是跨越国家边界和领土的资本、商品和服务的交换。在大多数国家，国际贸易额都占了国内生产总值很大的一个部分。 　　2．课本：While international trade has been present throughout much of history, its economic, social, and political importance has been on the rise in recent centuries. 　　注释：on the rise：上升 　　译文：国际贸易几乎在整个历史中都存在，但是在最近几个世纪其经济，社会和政治上的重要性有所上升。 　　3．课本：Industrialization, advanced transportation, globalization, multinational corporations, and outsourcing are all having a major impact on the international trade system. 　　注释： 　　Industrialization：工业化 　　advanced transportation：先进的运输 　　globalization：全球化 　　multinational corporations：跨国公司 　　outsourcing：外包 　　have an impact on　　：对有影响 　　译文：工业化、先进的运输、全球化、跨国公司和出口外包都对国际贸易体系有重要影响。 　　4．课本：International trade is a major source of economic revenue for any nation that is considered a world power. 　　注释：economic revenue：经济收入；world power：世界大国 　　译文：对任何一个世界大国来说国际贸易都是国家经济收入的主要来源。 　　5．课本：Without international trade, nations would be limited to the goods and services produced within their own borders. 　　注释：be limited to：限定在 　　译文：如果没有国际贸易，各国的经济活动将只能限定在在本国境内生产的货物和服务。 　　二、国际贸易和国内贸易的区别 　　1．课本：International trade is typically more costly than domestic trade. 　　注释：costly：昂贵的，成本高的；domestic：国内的 　　译文：国际贸易比国内贸易的成本更高。 　　【例题1.1】International trade is different from domestic trade, please point out which of the following descriptions is not right? （　　）[2009年真题] 　　A．International trade is more costly 　　B．International trade is less costly 　　C．International trade is restricted to trade in goods and services 　　D．International trade is also a branch of economics 　　【答案】B 　　【解析】B项与国内贸易相比，国际贸易承担更高地成本。原因在于：相对于国内贸易，国际贸易涉及到关税等税费。另外，由于语言、文化和法律制