北京林业大学绿色经典导读复习资料.doc

考试、成绩及要求：平时成绩（出勤及上课表现，有事提前书面请假）30%，期末成绩70%（闭卷）；加分1~3分（上课积极发言，读书笔记/札记），累计总分不超过99.考试内容及形式：A.论述题。给出大约4段话（课堂标注★的），任选2段，分别简要介绍该段的出处（作者、书名）（5分）、此书的主要内容（10分）、此段话的含义（10分）、并结合现实谈谈你自己的理解、认识、体会和感受（10分）；B.发挥题。两题中任选一题（30分） 1寂静的春天 【美】蕾切尔·卡逊 1.试图解决某个问题但随之而带来一系列灾难，这是我们文明生活方式的伴随物； 2.当人类向着他所宣告的征服大自然的目标前进时，他已写下了一部令人痛心的破坏大自然的记录，这种破坏不仅仅直接危害了人们所居住的大地，而且也危害了于人类共享大自然的其它生命（As man proceeds toward his announced goal of conquest of nature,he has written a depressing record of destruction,directed not only against the earth he inhabits but against the life that shares it with them)； 3.任何文明是否能对生命发发动一场无情的战争而不毁掉自己，同时也不失却文明的应有尊严？（The question is whether any civilization can relentless war on life without destroying the mankind and without losing the right to be called civilization?)； 4.实际上，正是由于这些生物及其伙伴们的存在，才是人类的生活更为丰富多彩。然而人们却用突然地和令人毛骨悚然的死亡来酬谢它们。（Indeed by their very existence they and their fellows make his life more pleasant.Yet he rewards them with a death that is not only sudden but also horrible.)； 5.由于竟能默认对活生生的生命采取这样使其受害的行动，作为人类，我们中有哪一个不曾降低我们做人的身份呢？（By acquiring in an act that can result suffering to a living creature,who among us is qualified as a human being?; 6.Who has decided-who has the right to decide-for the countless legions of people who were not consulted that the supreme value is a world without insects,even though it be also a sterile world ungraced by the curving wing of a bird in flight?the decision is that of the authoritarian temporarily entrusted with power he has made it during a moment of inattention by millions to whom beauty and the ordered world of nature still have a meaning that is deep and imperative.(是谁有权利作出决定，认为一个无昆虫的世界是至高无上的，尽管这样的一个世界由于飞鸟趿拉的翅膀而变得黯然无光？这个决定是一个被暂时委以重任的独裁主义者的决定：他是在对千百万人的忽视——决定的，对这千百万人来说，大自然的美丽和秩序井然的世界还具有一种意义，这种意义是深刻的和必然的。 7.我们现在正使化学物质充满我们的环境，这些化学物质有能力直接打击染色体，并以精确的方式影响染色体，造成上述情况。为了得到一个不发芽的土豆或一个没有蚊子的院落，难道我们付出的代价不是过高吗？（Is too high a price to pay for a sproutless potato or a mosquitoless patio?；） 8.毫不夸张的说，难道我们能够让他们去咬那只给他们喂食的手吗？ 9.在我们的世界上，致癌的化学因素已经通过两种途径建立