中考宾语从句详解和练习题.docVIP

宾语从句 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。介词形容根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类 1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. that 的省略： e.g. I guess (that) somebody else has borrowed it. 当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that其他不能省略。 　　eg．I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better． 2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late. 3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。 I want to know if (whether) he will go to the park with us . Ask him whether (if) he can come . I wonder whether it is going to rain or not. Could you tell me whether(if) Mr Li lives here ? 只用whether的情况： 1. 在引导主语从句、表语从句、引导同位语从句时： 主语从句: Whether it is true remains a question. Whether he is right or wrong is a question. 表语从句：The question is whether it is true. (为了强调宾语部分，也可把从句提在主句前。Whether he will come I am not sure.） The question whether he will accept it confuses us. 2. 用在动词不定式之前时(whether to do sth.) ： They asked me whether to go skating. I don’t know whether to go there at once. 3.当与or not连用，或 or 提出两种选择时: I don’t know whether he’s free or not. Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not. Tell me whether you’d like to go shopping or tidy the room. 4. 在介词或discuss后面： I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing. We discussed whether we should close the shop. 注意：只能用if 不能用 whether的情况 1.引导条件状语从句 If he runs fast, he’ll get there on time. I’ll go to see you if I have time. 2.引导否定的宾语从句 Tell me if it is not going to rain, please. if / whether用法巧记: 两个“是否”并不难，一般情况可代换。 下列情况用whether, 主表不定式or (not)。 作为讨论介词宾, 此时if不可跟。 还有一点也得编，whether从句可提前。 引导条件表“如果”，再也不可用whether。 宾语从句若否定，whether一词不可用。 练习：选择 if / whether。 1. I asked her __________