美国课件8政治 美国概况 英语国家概况 英美概况.pptVIP

American Politics Lecturer: Qin Jie Aims Get to know the Presidential election system of the US. Get to know the important presidents of the US. The political system in the U.S.A. Party Politics Overview: Parties, ideology, and elections Two-party system Since 1856, the major parties have been the Democratic Party, founded in 1824, and the Republican Party, founded in 1854. Since the Civil War, only one third-party presidential candidate—former president Theodore Roosevelt, ran as a Progressive in 1912. The Party Politics Simple-majority electoral system, like the American one, tend to cause a nation’s politics to be dominated by competition between two parties. Symbols of the Parties A competition between “elephant” “donkey”. History Development of the 2 Parties Before 1820, there was a “Republican” party in America. From the 1820s, the Republican party was divided into two parties: the Whigs and the Democrats. The old Democrats tended to support state autonomy against the central government. In 1854, a northern alliance of people determined to abolish slavery founded a new party, which they called “Republican”. It rapidly absorbed the Whigs. The Republicans Abraham Lincoln was the first Republican President in 1861. Afterwards, they represented the main stream of developing northern industry and free private enterprise. The Democrats The Democrats represented the south in the Civil War. They are mostly owners of plantations in the south and the owners of slaves. Outside the south, the Democrats attracts the support the less favored immigrants from eastern Europe, poor Jewish or intellectuals or Catholic or Negroes. The Democrats Since 1933, the Democrats have been clearly the party of the left. The 1932 election, Franklin Roosevelt led the Democrats with his “New Deal” program, involving federal state intervention in the economy the beginnings of government social services. The Democrats In the next 40 years, the Democrats pushed these policies