Regional Anatomy中文.pptVIP

Regional Anatomy;讲授提纲讲授提纲 讲授提纲 ;局部解剖学绪论;二、局部解剖学与系统解剖学的比较 ;Outline;Outline;Outline;Outline;（一）硬脑膜;幕上区（supratentorial compartment ）：左、右腔 幕下区（infratentorial compartment）;（三）颅内血肿和脑疝形成;位置：颅中窝中部，幕上区，小脑幕裂孔前方 结构：蝶鞍（sella turcica） 垂体（hypophysis） 视交叉（optic chiasma） 海绵窦（ cavernous sinuses） 下丘脑（hypothalamus） 第三脑室（third ventricle）;上: 鞍膈；大脑动脉环；下丘脑；第三脑室 下: 垂体窝底；蝶窦 前: 鞍结节；视交叉 后: 鞍背 两侧: 海绵窦;沟通颅内、外静脉 外侧壁：III、IV、V1、V2 内侧壁：垂体； 蝶窦； 颈内动脉； VI;①生长激素分泌过多: 巨人症;双颞侧视野偏盲;动眼神经、???车神经功能丧失，眼部静脉回流受阻;脑脊液循环不畅，颅内压增高;⑤脑垂体瘤的手术入路;思考题 ?;Parotid gland *;Arises front anterior border of gland Lies 1.5 cm below and parallel to zygomatic arch Passes forward over masseter, pierces the buccinator and oral mucosa to open opposite second upper molar tooth;The parotid gland is enclosed within a well-defined capsule which extension of the investing fascia of the neck. The superficial capsule is thick and unyielding and tightly affixed to the underlying glandular tissue by numerous fibrous septa. The deep capsule is quite thin and easily disrupted.;III. Relationships of parotid gland;·Transversal Maxillary a. v. Tranverse facial a. v. Branches of facial n. ;·“Parotid bed” internal carotid A internal jugular V Ⅸ～Ⅻ cranial nerves The muscles arising from Styloid;Relationship of facial nerve and parotid;;Retention of the facial nerve superficial portion parotidectomy;Retention of the facial nerve parotidectomy