我国原油进出口现状.docVIP

目 录 摘要 2 Abstract 3 绪论 4 一、我国原油进口发展现状分析 4 （一）原油概述 4 1.原油的含义与用途 4 2.原油资源的分布 5 （二）我国原油进口发展现状 6 1.我国由石油净出口国转变为净进口国 6 2.中国原油对外依存度现状 6 （二）我国主要原油进口国与进口现状分析 8 1.我国主要原油进口国 8 2.我国原油进口特点分析 8 二、 我国原油进口发展的趋势与存在的问题 10 （一）我国原油进口发展的趋势 10 1.国内石油消费整体持续增加 10 2.我国石油实际消费增速放缓 11 （二） 我国原油进口存在的问题 12 1. 国内原油消费量过大，原油对外依存度逐年上升 12 2.我国石油储备的现状不容乐观 13 3. 产业结构不合理以及节能减排不到位 15 三、针对当前原油进口现状的对策与建议 15 （一）提高中国石油储备水平，构建符合国情的石油储备战略 15 1.加速制定全面覆盖石油战略储备的相关法规 15 2.筹资渠道多样化 16 3.储备选址和储存方式多样化 16 4.建立油价与储备的联动机制 16 （二） 中国应强化国内炼油能力 16 （三）节能减排及新能源开发与利用 17 1.产业结构调整是节能减排之本 17 2.中国石油新能源开发与利用 18 结论 19 参考文献 20 致谢 21 摘要 随着经济社会的进一步发展，石油作为现代社会的基本能源,让人类对产生了极大的依赖性。石油需求缺乏弹性开发成本低布不均衡世界石油资源量主要集中在中东的发展中国家、前苏联国家、中南美洲和加拿大等。相反,对石油资源需求量较多的国家的石油资源量却很少大部分依靠进口。供给和需求的失衡国家之间的冲突和利益集团之间的博弈。石油储备Abstract With the further development of the economic society,oil as a modern society of a basic energy lets the peremptory human have greatly dependence on it.Oil has the demand lack of flexibility, the development of low cost, and regional uneven distribution characteristics etc. The world mainly concentrated in the Middle East oil resources in the development of the country, the former Soviet union countries in South America and Canada, etc. Instead, the more demand for oil resources of the countrys,the fewer oil resources it has,and most of the need rely on imports.Supply and demand imbalances caused conflicts between the state and the game between interest groups. The general administration of customs figures shows,in 2011 Chinas crude oil imports for 253.78 million tons. Compared to the 17.5% increase in oil imports in 2010, it is a marked drop. Through analysis of our country imports of crude status quo and facing the international situation, this article briefly explains the reasons contribute to our country imports of crude the status quo——rising imports but growth is slowing, external dependence is rising year by year.Offer such countermeasures and suggestions as appropriate control to import crude oil, increase oil reserve leve