Philosophy And History of Science英文电子书.pdfVIP

Stud. Hist. Phil. Sci., Vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 633455, 1997 Pergamoa 0 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd All rights reserved. Printed in Great Britain 0039-3681/97$17.00+0.00 Philosophy and History of Science: Beyond the Kuhnian Paradigm Hans Radder* At issue in this paper is the question of the appropriate relationship between the philosophy and history of science. The discussion starts with a brief sketch of Kuhn’s approach, followed by an analysis of the so-called ‘testing-theories-of- scientific-change programme’. This programme is an attempt at a more rigorous approach to the historical philosophy of science. Since my conclusion is that, by and large, this attempt has failed, I proceed to examine some more promising approaches. First, I deal with Hacking’s recent views on the issues in question, particularly his notion of a ‘style of reasoning’. Next, Nickles’s reconstructionist interpretation of the development of science and his views on Whig history are addressed. Finally, I propose an account of philosophy as a theoretical, an interpretative and explanatory, enterprise. Thus, three alternatives to the Kuhnian paradigm are discussed, alternatives that share a recognition of the relative autonomy of philosophy from history. Hence, they assume a less tight relationship be