英美社会文化要点总结.docVIP

英语国家社会与文化要点 1??.J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur is the first important American author to ask the question, What is an American? ”He is a new man, leaving behind all his ancient prejudices and receives new manners from the new mode of life.2??the concept??of??melting??pot . It refers to a society with people of different cultures, races, and religions combined together to form a multi-ethnic society(多民族社会) and each group of people retain (保持)their own integrity(完整性) and flavor. 3.a??new??land the??first??from Aisa??They are earliest settlers of America(美洲最早的定居者) and ancestors of Native Americans.(印第安人的祖先)the??second form Europe and Afirica3.Changes in the 16th and 17th Century(1)the??Development of bourgeois and capitalism(2)the??Renaissance(3the??Religious Reformation4.Martin Luther’s BeliefMan is born sinful. (Original Sin原罪)Man have direct relation with God, not through Church or Pope.The only guide to God is Bible.Man can be saved by reading Bible.5.CalvinismJohn Calvin: French Protestant Reformer Calvinism: 加尔文主义????????????Total Depravity????完全堕落Limited Atonement??有限拯救Unconditional??Election??无条件选择Hard work and get wealth 5.Henry??VIII and Church of England6.The Settlement in Virginia they named after their king? and begain to build a Jamestown.? The colonists settled in Virginia and survived by imposing strict discipline on themselves and by transplanting tobacco into the colony of Virginia.(John rolfe was the first man to plant? tobacco) 7.?Two Great Events in Virginia In 1619, the settlers elected their delegates （代表）and set up the House of Burgesses (市民议会).In1619，a Dutch ship sent twenty black people to Virginia as servants. Starting points of American Democracy and Slavery System8.Puritan New England New England: the six states in Northeastern America. Massachusetts马萨诸塞州, Connecticut,康涅狄格州，New Hampshire新罕布什尔州, Vermont佛蒙特州, Maine缅因, and Rhode Island罗德岛州 King henry VIII cut off the? political? relationship with Pope in Rome and?