Unit 11 setting up a business文章翻译.docVIP

Unit 11 Setting up a Business 设立企业 Key Vocabulary 重要词汇 Many large business in the UK are public limited companies (plc) [1], which means that the public can buy and sell their shares on the stock exchange. Examples include Marks Spencer [2]，British Telecom[3]and the National Westminster Bank[4]. The minimum share capital for a public limited company is ￡50,000. So many new businesses are likely to take one of the following forms. 在英国，许多企业都是股份制公司，人们可以在股票交易所进行股票买卖交易。例如玛莎百货，英国电信，国民西敏寺银行这些企业都是股份制公司。股份制企业的最小股本一般为5万英镑。一般来说，许多企业都倾向于选择以下经营模式中的一种来经营。 Sole Trader or Sole Proprietor (UK) 独资经营或者说个体户经营模式（英国） The simplest way of starting a business. You are self-employed and entirely responsible for all aspects of the management of your business. 这是最简单的一种经营模式。由个体户独自经营管理企业里的大小事务。 Partnership (UK) 合作经营（英国） Two or more people starting a business together can set up a partnership. All partners are responsible for the debts of the partnership, and profits and losses are shared between them . 由2个或者以上的人合作经营。所有合作人一起分担债务，分享利润或者承担损失。 Private Limited Company (UK) 私人有限公司或者有限责任公司（英国） A company can be formed with a minimum of two people becoming its shareholders. They must appoint a director and a company secretary[5]. If the company goes out of business, the responsibility of each shareholder is limited to the amount that they have contributed; they have limited liability [6]. Such a company has Ltd (Limited) after its name. 私人有限公司或者有限责任公司由至少二个股东来组成。需有理事及高层管理人员。如果公司倒闭，每个股东只需承担一定的风险和负债责任，他们的偿债责任是有限度的。这类公司一般在公司名称后面加上“有限公司”字样。 In the US, businesses take the same forms. However, American companies are registered or incorporated with the authorities in the state where they have their headquarters. The abbreviations Inc and Corp refer to such companies. To sell shares to the public they must apply to the Securities Exchange Commission[7]. 美国的企业也是采用以上的经营模式。但是，美国公司需要在总部所在的州政府注册登记。 这类公司在公司名称后面以Inc 和 Corp结尾。如果要发行股票的话，他们需要首先向证券交易委员会提示申请。 重要词汇备注： [1] public limited companies (plc) 股份有限公司 [2] Marks Spe