航天环境 翻译.docVIP

Spacecraft Environment 航天环境 Spacecraft operate in an environment totally different from that experienced by systems on earth. In some cases, this environment is 航天器运行在一个完全不同于地球上所感受到得环境中。在某些情况下，航天环境相对地球 relatively benign compared to what earth-based systems must withstand (hurricanes, for example), but in many ways the space environment 系统稳定一些，地球系统要忍受（如;飓风），但是要想到达宇宙环境对设备的要求比较苛刻。 is harsh on the equipment sent out to perform there. The space systems engineer must understand this environment and 宇宙系统工程师必须明白这种环境，然后设计能在其中工作的航天器。 design spacecraft to oper- ate within it. In addition, the spacecraft must be capable of performing its mission through this environment. The 此外，航天器必须有能在这种环境中完成任务的能力。 effects of the environment on typ- ical spacecraft missions will be discussed in subsequent chapters. 环境在典型的航天任务中的影响将在随后的章节中介绍。 THE SUN 太阳 The sun is the major environmental influence on the earth and the space around it. This section presents a brief description of the sun and 地球和其周边空间的环境的主要影响者是太阳。 这部分将简单介绍一下太阳和它发射到宇宙中的射线。 discusses the radiations it emits into space. Following sections describe the properties of these radiations in the vicinity of earth and the 以下的的部分将介绍地球附近射线的属性和两者相互作用产生的环境。 environment that results from the interaction of the two. Finally, the effects of this environment on the operation of systems in space is 最后，我们来讨论这种环境对宇宙系统中工作的影响。 discussed. Cosmology 宇宙论 Cosmology is the study of the evolution of the universe and includes the theory of how our sun came into being. It is believed that 12 to 18 宇宙论研究宇宙的演化并且涵盖了太阳的形成理论。 billion years ago the universe had a violent beginning in an expanding firebal