法学 国际法 考试要点 8.docVIP

名词解释： 一、law-making treaty 课本14页 二、recognition de facto 课本49页 三、universal jurisdiction 课本69页 四、Restrictive immunity 课本78页 五、reservation 课本103页 六、right of pursuit 课本131页 七、the continental shelf 课本127 八、right of derogation克检权 1、 In time of public emergency which threatens the life of the nation and the existence of which is officially proclaimed, the States Parties to the present Covenant may take measures derogating from their obligations under the present Covenant to the extent strictly required by the exigencies of the situation, provided that such measures are not inconsistent with their other obligations under international law and do not involve discrimination solely on the ground of race, colour, sex, language, religion or social origin. 2、 No derogation from articles 6, 7, 8 (paragraphs I and 2), 11, 15, 16 and 18 may be made under this provision. 3、 Any State Party to the present Covenant availing itself of the right of derogation shall immediately inform the other States Parties to the present Covenant, through the intermediary of the Secretary-General of the United Nations, of the provisions from which it has derogated and of the reasons by which it was actuated. A further communication shall be made, through the same intermediary, on the date on which it terminates such derogation. 九、two-tier liability system双梯度责任制 1、strict liability： For damages arising not exceeding 113,000 Special Drawing Rights(1SDR＝0.888671g ) for each passenger, the carrier shall not be able to exclude or limit its liability. 2、Presumption of fault： The carrier shall not be liable for damages arising exceed for each passenger 113,000 Special Drawing Rights if the carrier proves that: (a) such damage was not due to the negligence or other wrongful act or omission of the carrier or its servants or agents; or (b) such damage was solely due to the negligence or other wrongful act or omission of a third party 论述： 一、contents of diplomatic privileges and immunities外交特权与豁免的内容 1、diploma