商务英语学习重点.docxVIP

Departments in the company会计部 General Accounting Department， 公关部 Public Relations Department 企划部 Planning Department 广告部 Advertising Department 产品开发部 Product Development Department 研发部 Research and Development Department(RD) 采购部 Purchasing Department 市场部 Marketing Department （MKTG）销售部 Sales Department 出口部 Export Department7. Company structure (common hierarchical structure of a company)( Board of Directors/Chairperson/ President), Senior Management, Line managers, Supervisors, Clerks)10. Business travel terms (expense account, company credit ,cash advance, itinerary, corporate card, OCS,frequent flyer miles, living out of a suitcase, perks, reimbursement…)International TradeForms of International TradeExportingImportingTrading companyLicensingJoint venturesContract manufacturingDirect investmentTrade Barriers TariffsQuotasLengthy inspectionsRed tapeRestrictionsSubsidiesCartelsthreatsProtection: domino effect the more the big economies like the US and the European Union appear protectionist,the more developing countries feel justified in doing the same thinganti-dumping allow a country to impose punitive tariffs if foreign companies flood its markets with goods priced at less than the cost of productionacross-the-board remedies such as the 30 percent tariffs imposed by Bush on some categories of imported steel.The International Balance of Payments:(Surplus, deficit, trade balance,SDRs（特别提款权） IMF（国际货币基金组织）(Surplus, deficit, trade balance, IMF, steps to achieve a balance on the balance of payment:take stringent austerity measureslower wagesset up a system of import quotas for certain goodsestablish tariffsTERMScreditor债权人 debtor 债务人 revenue税收 overheads企业一般管理费用gross profit 毛利\总利润 net profit 纯利润 expenditure 支出 return on sales销售收益率cashflow 现金流 deficit 赤字 surplus 盈余 acquisition 收购 takeover 接管to break even做生意没有亏本，也没有赚钱 to go bankrupt 破产 to overspend超支bill(bill of exchange, draft) 账单 invoice发票 delivery note送货单 sight draft( demand draft) 即期汇票credit co