九年级 定语从句专题教案及习题.docxVIP

专题：定语从句（The Attributive Clause）一 定语从句的概念在复合句中，用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词，我们叫先行词。定语从句要放在先行词的后面，对先行词起修饰限定的作用。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）和关系副词where，when，why。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又做定语从句的一个成分。二关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词例句that在从句中做主语或宾语指物A fish is an animal that lives in the water.The moon cakes that mother cooked taste nice.指人Who is the man that is reading a newspaper?The boy that was talked to yesterday is Jim.which在从句中做主语或宾语指物The silk which is produced in Suzhou sells well.The songs which the Backstreet Boys sang were very popular.Who，whom在从句中分别做主语和宾语，whose在从句中做定语指人The foreigner who visited our class yesterday is from Canada.The person whom you just talked with is our head teacher.I know the woman whose daughter studies in our school.1. 由关系代词who引导的定语从句关系代词who用来代替先行词为人的名词或代词，并在定语从句中充当主语，不可省略。此时，who不能译成“谁”，而是理解为所替代的先行词。e.g. Do you know the boy? He is always late for school→Do you know the boy who is always late for school?你认识上学总迟到的那个男孩吗?在上面的例句中，the boy被who引导的定语从句修饰，who代替the boy(指人)并在从句中作主语。2．由关系代词that引导的定语从句关系代词that用来代替先行词为人、物的名词或代词．并在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时，指人可与who替换，指物可与which替换，作宾语时可省略。e.g. The book is interesting．It cost me a lot of money这本书很有趣。它花了我很多钱。→The book that(=which)cost me a lot of money is interesting.花了我很多钱的那本书很有趣。The hero is a PLA man．He saved me from the fire．英雄是位解放军战士。他把我从火中救出来。→The hero that(=who)saved me from the fire is a PLA man．把我从火中救出来的英雄是位解放军战士。The book is well written．I bought it yesterday．那本书很好。我昨天买的。→The book(that/which)I bought yesterday is well written．我昨天买的那本书写得很好。3. 由关系代词which引导的定语从句关系代词which用来代替先行词为物的名词或代词，并在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时，指物可与that替换，作宾语时可省略。但如果作介词宾语，并且介词提前，则不能省略，也不可换为that。e.g. This is the room（which/that）I painted last week .（作宾语，可省略）这就是我昨天粉刷的房间。This is the magazine about which we were talking.=This is the magazine（which/that）we were talking about .这就是我们刚才谈论的那本杂志。4. 由关系代词whom引导的定语从句。关系代词whom用来代替先行词为人名或代词，并在从句中作宾语，可省略。但如果作介词宾语，并且介词提前，则不能省略，也不可换为who。e.g. He is the man（whom）/（=who）I met in the street last week .他就是我上星期在街上遇见的那个人。5.