最小二乘拟合解谱方法的研究.docVIP

最小二乘拟合解谱方法的研究 摘 要 随着探测器和电子技术、计算机技术的高速发展，核辐射测量仪器越来越多的采用能谱分析技术，它可以一次测量获得更多的有用信息，是快速、可靠地确定待测样品中放出各种能量的放射性核素或元素的性质及其强度的重要手段。几十年来，它在核物理研究、原子能各种领域、核防护、环境监测、资源勘查等方面都发挥了巨大的作用。 最小二乘拟合解谱的应用有其独到之处，特别是在重峰分析方面，可以用此方法获得我们肉眼分辨不开的重叠峰，得到重峰的相关信息。 本文主要介绍用高斯峰形函数（高斯峰）加本底函数拟合实测谱线，用非线性最小二乘拟合法解出拟合参数的方法，并将此方法形成了程序。程序主要包括单峰、多峰分析和重峰分析。程序分析实际的谱线得到的拟合结果可用图像直接绘出以便直观的看出与原始谱线的符合程度，分析所得的峰高，峰位，半高宽，面积等数据信息可保存在文件中，以便于进行后续的分析和研究。 关键词：非线性最小二乘；能谱分析；高斯拟合 The Research of Nonlinear Approximation Analysis of Spectrum Abstract：With the rapid development of computer and detector and electronic technology, more and more nuclear radiation instruments adopt spectrum analyzing technology, which can get more useful information in one time, is a fast and reliable method of determining elements or elemental properties and its intensity, these elements can emit several energy and form particular spectrum. In the past tens of years, it plays a big role in nuclear physics, each field of atomic energy, nuclear protection, environmental monitoring and resource exploration. The application of least square method to analysis spectrum has its original points, especially in multiple peaks analysis, using this method can get weak peaks which were invisible and submerged in other peaks. We can obtain relevant information of submerged peaks by analyzing and fitting peak positions. In the passage, we introduce a method of fitting Gaussian peaks and background and then deriving fitting parameters by least square method, besides, writing a program for this method. The program mainly includes Gaussian peaks (single peak and multi-peak) fitting analysis and multiple peaks analysis. The fitting results derived from analyzing actual spectrum line by the program can be drawn directly in the form of pictures so as to detect coincidence extent between actual spectrum-line and the original spectrum-line, following data messages such as peak height, peak position, FWHM, area from analysis results can be reserved in file so as to Follow-up