时,体,态.pptVIP

动词的时态和语态 时：现在时 过去时 体：进行体：现在进行体 过去进行体 完成体：现在完成体 过去完成体 将来时间 态：主动态 被动态 一般现在时的用法 1.表示现在时间 2.表示过去时间 3.表示将来时间 2.一般现在时表示过去时间: tell, say, hear, learn, gather 等 Mary tells (told) me that you’re coming tomorrow. I hear (heard) poor old Tom has lost his only son in the war. 3.一般现在时表示将来时间 1)主要用于描述根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事件 My mum retires next year. 2)用于条件或时间状语从句 if it rains tomorrow, we’ll have to cancel the picnic. 3)在I hope, I bet等后that-分句中 I hope you have a happy New Year. 4)在sb+see(to it)/make sure/make certain+that-从句中 I’ll see (to it)/make sure/make certain(that) you don’t fail in the exam. 一般过去时的用法 1.表过去时间。表达在过去的某个特定时间的动作、状态或习惯状态，需强调的是一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不负存在。 I saw a car accident just now. My father used to smoke a lot. 2.一般过去时表现在时间。在wonder, want, think, hope 等引导的句型中，表达委婉的语气。 I wondered if you can give me a hand? 3.一般过去时表将来时间。用于某些条件句中，表虚拟。 If he were to come back from America tomorrow, he would join our party. 现在进行体 1.表现在某一时间或现阶段持续进行的动作。与一般现在时表持续状态不一样的是，现在进行体表示暂时性的动作。 I work in a college but now I’m taking a part-time job as a teacher in a middle school. 2.现在进行体表将来时间。 1)表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动，常有表将来的时间状语。 I’m leaving for New York tomorrow morning. 2) 渐变动词，如：get, run, grow, become, begin及die。 He is dying. 3.现在进行体表刚刚过去的动作 Hey! What are you talking about? 4.现在进行体常与always, continually, constantly, forever等副词连用，表说话人的情绪，如：不满、厌烦、抱怨、称赞等 She is constantly changing her mind. 5.现在进行体表委婉的语气。仅限于hope,wonder等。 I’m hoping that you help us solve the problem. 不用进行时的动词 1) 事实状态动词：have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue。 2) 心理状态动词：know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate。 3 ) 瞬间动词：accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse。 4) 系动词：seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, b