山东省泰安市岱岳区新城实验中学2015年度中考英语专题复习：名词（无答案）.docVIP

初中英语复习专辑——名词 名词的数 1、可数名词与不可数名词 可修饰名词的常用词：修饰可数名词的有:a (large/great)number of; numbers of; a good many ; (a)few ，a good few , quite a few（相当多） ;many a (单数形式)?修饰不可数名词的有: much ; a (good )supply of; supplies of ;a large amount of ;?a good /great of; quite a little?既可修饰可数又可修饰不可数的有: some, any, a lot of /lots of ; plenty of ; a great/large quantity of; great/large quantities of A、不可数名词，初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可数或不可数). 不可数名词应注意以下几点： 1)前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语为三单. 2)表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of 或用of短语 eg. There is ____ bread on the table. A. a B. one C. a piece of D. many There is some_______ on the plate. A. apple B. fish C. milks D. deer 2、可数名词的复数A、不规则变化： man—men ; woman—women ; child—childrenpoliceman—policemen Englishman—Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmen foot—feet tooth—teeth mouse(鼠)—mice B、规则变化 1）s; sh; ch; x 结尾加 es 读 [iz] 2) ce; se; ze; (d)ge 结尾加 seg. boxes [b ksiz] blouses [blauziz] 3)f (fe) 结尾则变f(fe)为v加es---读[vz] eg. knives [naivz] 4) “辅+y”结尾变y为i加es 清就清[s] 5)一般加s 浊就浊[z] eg. books[buks] pens[penz] babies[beibiz] 但注意以下几点： ① potato—potatoes ; tomato—tomatoes hero---heroes; negro---negroes（两菜两人） ② 单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanesepeople ③由man ,woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数 man doctor — men doctors women nurses ④ reef—reefs /roves scarf—scarfs/scarves ⑤ “某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面. eg. German—Germans ⑥ people , police 常用单数形式表示复数概念 The police are looking for the missing boy. 3、名词所有格：名词’s (意思是 “……的”) A.有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加“’s”但注意： 1)表两者共有则在后者加“’s” Lucy and Lily’s father 露西和莉莉的父亲Lucy’s and Lily’s fathers 露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲. 2)以s结尾的词只加“ ’ ”eg. 1) the boys’ books 2) James’ father 3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导eg. the leg of the desk 4)双重所有格：a friend of my father’s a friend of mine ( √ ) a friend of my( × ) 难点 1）名词所有格的归纳 1)a students room, student