以[置身所在]做为心理学研究的目标现象及其相关之方法论.docVIP

李維倫 (2004)：〈以「置身所在」做為心理學研究的目標現象及其相關之方法論〉。《應用心理研究》。22期，157-200頁。 以「置身所在」做為心理學研究的目標現象及其相關之方法論 Situatedness as a Target Phenomenon for Psychological Research and the Correlative Methodology 李維倫 國立東華大學臨床與諮商心理學系 花蓮縣壽豐鄉志學村大學路二段一號 電話：(03) 8635635 傳真：(03) 8635630 電子郵件：wllee@.tw Wei-Lun Lee Department of Clinical and Counseling Psychology National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan 1, Sec. 2, Da-Hsueh Rd. Shou-Feng, Hualien, 974, Taiwan Tel: 886-3-8635635 E-mail: wllee@.tw 摘要 藉助現象學的還原思考，由檢討「研究者對心理現象的理解關係」出發，本文得以避開把心理現象實體化、對象化的主客分立研究關係，建構非實體論的心理學研究方法，提出「置身所在」(situatedness)做為心理學研究的一個可能的目標現象，並提供了通達此一目標現象的方法論。置身所在指的是某一個生活的涉入狀態(involvement)在其中某些特定的社會文化視框為人們所用，而事物也因此被朝著某些特定的方向來理解，人們並且依此而採取某些特定的處理行動。本文以詮釋現象學的思考徑路來規劃置身所在的特徵性質，並認為因為置身所在有作為生活行事中事物的意義來源(a source of meaning)這樣的本質，它必須被當成一種「現象學的現象(a phenomenological phenomenon)」來對待。現象學的現象指的即是那個使事物被如此這般照見但又同時隱匿其自身者，而置身所在正有著這種使事物在其中而得以被理解但又隱匿於我們的覺察之外的特質。因著這個瞭解，本文也進一步規劃了解明置身所在的詮釋學方法論，詳細描述了實際操作上的各個分析步驟，並以實際的研究例証說明。如此形構的心理學研究徑路，是嚐試在實証論心理學的知識論與方法論之外，開放出一個新的心理學研究與知識地帶。 關鍵詞：置身所在，詮釋現象學心理學，心理學方法論，論述分析 ABSTRACT Starting with a phenomenological reflection on the relationship of the researchers to psychological phenomena, in the present paper I construct a non-realism approach to psychology, propose to have “situatedness” as a target phenomenon for psychological research, and provide a method of analysis for disclosing it. Situatedness can be described as a particular life involvement wherein one is situated such that things appear in certain manners and, accordingly, one manages them in certain ways. In hermeneutical phenomenological thinking, because of its nature of being a source of meaning to things that are encountered in our lives, situatedness must be treated according to the characteristic of a phenomenological phenomenon. A phenomenological phenomenon indicates that which makes something seen as such but at the same does not show itself. Situatedness is precisely that from which we see things with their certain meaning, and at the same time, that