城市避震疏散交通系统及评价方法体系研究 research on urban seismic evacuation transportation system and evaluation methodology system.pdfVIP

城市安全 | 50 城市避震疏散交通系统及评价方法体系研究 Research on Urban Seismic Evacuation Transportation System and Evaluation Methodology System 桑晓磊　 　 　 文章编号1673-8985（2013）04-0050-06 中图分类号TU981 文献标识码A,B 摘 要 城市避震疏散是城市防灾系统的重要组成部分，是抗震救灾的关键，对地震发生期间避震疏散交通类型、特点及各相关系统展开研 究，分析整个系统的构成及特点，探讨疏散交通与疏散空间、疏散通道以及相互之间的关系，在总结前人在避震疏散规划理论和方法 的基础上进行梳理和补充，尝试性地建立起一套相对较为完整的评价方法体系，包括了对避震疏散空间的服务覆盖、服务重复和服务 质量等，避震疏散通道的通达性和可靠性，以及避震疏散空间与疏散通道相互配合的吻合情况和服务的薄弱度等方面的综合评价。希 望通过本研究，为城市进行更加科学合理的避震疏散规划和震前预防、震中避难和震后救援等各项部署提供帮助。 Abstract City earthquake evacuation is an important part and the key part of disaster prevention system, this paper studies on the types of evacuation transportation during the earthquake occurring, analyzes the constitution and characteristic of the whole system, explores the relationship between transportation, space and route of earthquake evacuation. Based on summarizing those theories and methods of earthquake evacuation invented by predecessors, tries to establish a comprehensive evaluation methodology system, including coverage, overlapping and quality of evacuation space service, accessibility and reliability of evacuation routes, as well as anastomosis and weakness of interaction between evacuation space and routes. The purpose of this study is to give some help for planning earthquake evacuation more scientifically and reasonably and for making arrangements including prevent, refuge and rescue. Disaster prevention and control and utilization of integration strategies are provided. 关 键 词 避震疏散 | 疏散交通 | 疏散空间 | 疏散通道 | 评价方法体系 Keywords Earthquake evacuation | Evacuation transportation | Evacuation space | Evacuation route | Evaluation methodology system 城市避震疏散规划是一项牵涉面广、关系 一步的理论探索。