雅思2013-6-27雅思(海口朗阁)阅读四选一题型难点解析(下).docVIP

雅思阅读四选一题型难点解析（下） 朗阁海外考试研究中心 在上篇文章中，我们把四选一题目按照考查内容进行了分类，明确了有些题目是作者的用词来推敲其意图，有些题目同义转换，而有些题目是按照高频词汇和概括性词汇来选择。那么，这类题型的选项又有什么难点呢？选项的难点主要存在于干扰项上，所谓的干扰项就是看起来跟真正答案很相似，用来迷惑考生的判断的选项。我们按照干扰项的迷惑性由强到弱，分为重要干扰项、错误干扰项和未提及干扰项。 多选题目的重要干扰项 重要干扰项就是指，这种选项虽然不是正确答案，却与原文不冲突（或者很难判断是否与原文冲突），它们与正确答案看起来比较相似，只不过不如正确答案更准确、更完整或更严谨。我们看下面的例子 In Tarkovsky’s opinion, the attraction of the cinema is that it A aims to impress its audience. B tells stories better than books. C illustrates the passing of time. D describes familiar events. 我们可以定位到原文的C段和D段，C段提到：The frightened audience could not accept that they were watching a mere picture. Pictures were still, only reality moved; this must, therefore, be reality. In their confusion, they feared that a real train was about to crush them. 这一段文字表达了观众当时的反应，观众们很难接受自己看到的是图画而不是事实。D段提到：The key to that magic was the way in which cinema created a dynamic image of the real flow of events. A still picture could only imply the existence of time, while time in a novel passed at the whim of the reader. But in cinema, the real, objective flow of time was captured. 这段文字描述了电影创造了事件随时间的发展演变，并且用picture和novel进行类比，强调电影的魔力是让人清楚地看到事情流畅地随时间演变。 根据这两段文字所表达的意思，很多学生会选择A或B选项，因为原文提及了观众、小说（书）的内容。A和B两个选项与原文所讲的内容并不是矛盾或完全不符合的。因此，这两个选项就干扰了我们正确的选择。当我们把这两段文字仔细推敲之后，发现描述观众的反应和对比书和电影的区别，都是为了表达电影的魔力在于表达事件随时间的发展这一主题含义。C项的含义比AB要更准确，因此答案选择C项。 多选题目的错误干扰项 相比之下，多选题目的错误干扰项就较容易识别出来了。我们可以看到，有些题目中，某个选项与原文是直接矛盾的，那么肯定不会选择它为正确的答案。比如： A recent survey found that in British secondary schools, A there was more bullying than had previously been the case. B there was less bullying than in primary schools. C cases of persistent bullying were very common. D indirect forms of bullying were particularly difficult to deal with. 我们看到原文，其中有一句话是：There was less bullying in secondary schools, with about one in twenty-five suffering persistent bullying. 通过这句话，我们可以明显地判断出，C项的含义与原文是矛盾的。very common和one in twenty-five的比例是明显不符的。因此，C选项就是一个错误的干扰项，我们可以确定地排除答案是C项的可能性。 多选题目的未提及干扰项 有的干扰项在原文中并不存在，或者说根据原文无法判断这个选项是否正确，这种就是原文未提及的干扰项。此类干扰项难度