高分辨率断层落差图的基本原理及其应用-断块油气田.pdfVIP

断 块 油 气 田 17 卷 2 期 FAULT-BLOCK OIL GAS FIELD 2010 年3 月 181 文章编号 1005-8907 渊2010冤02-181-04 高分辨率断层落差图的基本原理及其应用 张焱林 刘晓峰 郭 忻 渊中国地质大 资源学院 湖北 武汉 430074 冤 摘 要 高分辨率断层落差图 简称T-Z 图袁T 表示断层落差袁Z 表示深度冤作为一种相对较新的技术袁其最初的发展是用 于生长构造的二维地震分析袁目前袁在 外已广泛应用于研究构造的活动规律和形成机制遥 T-Z 图来源于经时深转换的高 分辨率地震资料袁由沉积地层的落差与断层上盘所在深度的比值组成袁简单地说袁就是断层落差与深度的二维折线图袁图上 坡度的形态和变化特征直接暗示了断层的活动性质遥 以T-Z 图的变化特征为基础袁结合地震尧钻井等各种基础地质资料袁 可以有效地查明断层的活动特征和相互关系袁鉴别不同类型的断裂构造遥随着三维地震解释精度的不断提高及大量实践经 验的证实袁现已普遍认为袁T-Z 图在研究生长构造的活动规律方面是一种非常有效的方法遥 关键词 T-Z 图曰盲断层曰落差梯度曰断层传播曰断层重新活动 中图分类号 P631.44 文献标识码 A Principles and application of high resolution fault throw plot Zhang Yanlin Liu Xiaofeng Guo Xin (Faculty of Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China) Abstract: High resolusion fault throw plot(T-Z plot for short) is a relatively new technique which has been initially developed for the 2D seismic analysis of growth structures. At present, it is used widely for the study of the rules and mechanism of tectonic activity at abroad. T-Z plot is derived from high resolution seismic data through time-depth conversion and it consists of the ratios vertical throw of sedimentary strata and the depth associated in upper wall. In brief, it is the 2D polygonal line plot of fault throw and depth. And the shapes and change characteristics of slope gradient straightly imply the active properties of fault. Based on the change characteristics of T-Z plot, the combination of seismic, drilling and other basic geological data can effectively find out the active characteristics and correlations of faults, distinguishing the various types of faulted structure