如何让他们说出自己的故事---藏族文化口述历史项目的访谈反.PDFVIP

如何让他们说出自己的故事 藏族文化口述历史项目的访谈反思 青树教育基金会 田茂玲 摘要：作为一个藏区的汉族导游，我在8 年的工作生涯中，萌生了一个记录藏族人生活和文化的强 烈愿望。2011 年11 月，我在青树教育基金会的指导和资助下，开始了对藏族文化的记录。一开始我把 “口述历史”理解为“说出来的故事”，以为只要一支笔，一个摄录机就足够了。 在开始进行具体项目时，难点出现了。首先便是受访者的选择。随着访谈的展开，细节问题也接踵 而至：从准备访谈、确认主题，设计访谈问题到针对不同受访者，选择访谈地点、控制访谈时间、提问 方式等。我发现“口述历史”的实践并不是“说”和“记录”这么简单，它需要很多技巧，并受到诸多 因素的影响。本文回顾和反思了我在进行具体的口述史项目时遇到的问题和解决方式，旨在为更多像我 一样有志于做口述历史的普通人，提供一个有用的参考。 关键词：口述史主题 寻找受访人 访谈问题 访谈地点 记录 授权书 How to let them tell their stories Reflections on Interviews of Tibetan Cultural Oral History Project Clara Tian Abstract : As a Han tour guide in the Tibetan region with eight years’ work experience, I have developed a desire to record traditional Tibetan peoples lives and their culture. With the guidance and help from EEF, I began the recording of the Tibetan culture in November, 2011. When I decided to record their stories by oral history, I thought a pen and a recorder would be sufficient. I understood oral history simply to be stories being told. Difficulties appeared when I started with the project. The first was the choice of interviewees. Then as the interviews developed, problems arose one after another, from doing preparations, creating a subject, and interview question design, to the choice of interview location, interview time control, and the way of asking questions. I found that oral history is not as simple as telling and recording. Oral history requires many skills and is affected by many factors. This essay review reflects the problems I encountered and the solutions I found while I was doing this specific oral history project. It is written in order to provide a useful reference to those ordinary people like me who aspire to do oral history. Keywords: Oral History Subject, Seeking Interviewees, Interview Question, Interview Location,