大连海事大学教案：ISM规则1.pptVIP

ISM CODE ISM规则目的是为船舶营运安全和防污染管理提供一个国际标准。 ISM规则的目标是保证海上安全，防止人员伤亡，避免对环境，特别是海洋环境造成危害以及对财产造成损失。 第一节 产生背景 一、海事频发 1990-1994年全世界散货船沉没事故统计 第一节 产生背景 二、海事频发的原因调查 1、船舶老龄化； 2、船员素质下降，配员减少； 3、方便旗、单船和无船的非标准管理； 4、通讯现代化 5、公约履行不到位 6、人为因素 第二节、ISM 的形成 1、A.441(XI)号决议和A.443(XI)号决议（1979） 2、保证公司与船舶信息交流和保证船长履行正常的安全管理和环境保护职责 Amoco Cadiz 1978年3月16日 法国沿岸，不列塔尼，英吉利海峡 原油22万多吨 罚款1亿五千五百万USDS Amoco Cadiz What remains of the Amoco-Cadiz, twenty years later ? First, memory... the memory of emotion and a feeling of helplessness: the shock felt by those living near the fouled beaches, the outrage of seafarers, powerless in the face of the sheer scope of the disaster... The memory of a challenge: that of the association of towns taking the American giant Amoco to court on its home ground. Next, the inception of a new approach to dealing with such catastrophes, in terms of prevention, contingency plans and facilities, improved legal and technological responses... Finally and most importantly, the many questions raised: has sufficient progress been made since the Amoco-Cadiz to prevent subsequent disasters? Furthermore, has visible pollution such as that from the Amoco-Cadiz blinded us to even greater hazards threatening both the sea and those who ply it for their living or live near its shores? These are questions which require an all-encompassing perspective... This is the spirit in which the symposium 20 years after the AMOCO-CADIZ, to be held in Brest next 15th-16th-17th October, was developed.The events theme necessarily entails an international dimension….. The cross-border nature of marine pollution phenomena, the eminently international scope of action, the need to compare experiences…..all warrant the presence in Brest of specialists from different countries. Even stronger international emphasis is provided by the partnership of empowered intergovernmental organisations, with the International Maritime Organisation and the European Commission in the fore. The scientific approach is resol