有哪些信誉好的足球投注网站decline in hiv prevalence among young women in zambia national-level estimates of trends mask geographical and socio-demographic differences年轻妇女中艾滋病毒流行率在赞比亚国家级下降趋势的估计面具地理和socio-demographic差异.pdfVIP
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decline in hiv prevalence among young women in zambia national-level estimates of trends mask geographical and socio-demographic differences年轻妇女中艾滋病毒流行率在赞比亚国家级下降趋势的估计面具地理和socio-demographic差异
Decline in HIV Prevalence among Young Women in Zambia: National-Level Estimates of Trends Mask Geographical and Socio-Demographic Differences 1,2 1 2 1,3 1 Nkomba Kayeyi *, Knut Fylkesnes , Charles Michelo , Mpundu Makasa , Ingvild Sandøy 1 Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, 2 Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia, 3 Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia Abstract Background: A decline in HIV incidence has been reported in Zambia and a number of other sub-Saharan countries. The trend of HIV prevalence among young people is a good marker of HIV incidence. In this study, different data sources are used to examine geographical and sub-population group differentials in HIV prevalence trends among men and women aged 15–24 years in Zambia. Design and Methods: We analysed ANC data for women aged 15–24 years from 22 sentinel sites consistently covered in the period 1994–2008, and HIV data for young men and women aged 15–24 years from the ZDHS 2001/2 and 2007. In addition, we systematically reviewed peer-reviewed articles that have reported findings on HIV prevalence and incidence among young people. Findings: Overall trends of the ANC surveillance data indicated a substantial HIV prevalence decline among young women in both urban and rural areas. However, provincial declines differed substantially, i.e. between 10% and 68% among urban women, and from stability to 86% among rural women. Prevalence declines were steeper among those with the highest educational attainments than among the least educated. The ZDHS data indicated a significant reduction in prevalence between the two survey ro
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