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commercial biomass syngas fermentation商业生物质合成气发酵
Energies 2012, 5, 5372-5417; doi:10.3390/en5125372 OPEN ACCESS energies ISSN 1996-1073 /journal/energies Review Commercial Biomass Syngas Fermentation James Daniell, Michael Köpke and Séan Dennis Simpson * LanzaTech NZ Ltd., 24 Balfour Road, Parnell, Auckland 1052, New Zealand; E-Mails: james.daniell@ (J.D.); michael.koepke@ (M.K.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: sean@; Tel.: +64-9-304-2100; Fax: +64-9-929-3038. Received: 3 September 2012; in revised form: 31 October 2012 / Accepted: 5 December 2012 / Published: 19 December 2012 Abstract: The use of gas fermentation for the production of low carbon biofuels such as ethanol or butanol from lignocellulosic biomass is an area currently undergoing intensive research and development, with the first commercial units expected to commence operation in the near future. In this process, biomass is first converted into carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H )-rich synthesis gas (syngas) via gasification, and 2 subsequently fermented to hydrocarbons by acetogenic bacteria. Several studies have been performed over the last few years to optimise both biomass gasification and syngas fermentation with significant progress being reported in both areas. While challenges associated with the scale-up and operation of this novel process remain, this strategy offer
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