temperature and time requirements for controlling bed bugs (cimex lectularius) under commercial heat treatment conditions温度和时间控制臭虫的要求在商业热处理条件下(温带臭虫).pdfVIP

Insects 2011, 2, 412-422; doi:10.3390/insects2030412 OPEN ACCESS insects ISSN 2075-4450 /journal/insects/ Article Temperature and Time Requirements for Controlling Bed Bugs (Cimex lectularius) under Commercial Heat Treatment Conditions Stephen A. Kells * and Michael J. Goblirsch Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; E-Mail: goblirmj@ * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: kells002@; Tel.: +1-612-625-4798; Fax: +1-612-625-5299. Received: 25 July 2011; in revised form: 15 August 2011 / Accepted: 18 August 2011 / Published: 29 August 2011 Abstract: Developing effective alternative approaches for disinfesting bed bugs from residential spaces requires a balance between obtaining complete insect mortality, while minimizing costs and energy consumption. One method of disinfestation is the application of lethal high temperatures directly to rooms and contents within a structure (termed whole-room heat treatments). However, temperature and time parameters for efficacy in whole-room heat treatments are unknown given the slower rate of temperature increase and the probable variability of end-point temperatures within a treated room. The objective of these experiments was to explore requirements to produce maximum mortality from heat exposure using conditions that are more characteristic of whole-room heat treatments. Bed bugs were exposed in an ac