sustainable community sanitation for a rural hospital in haiti在海地的农村医院的可持续社区卫生.pdfVIP

Sustainability 2012, 4, 3362-3376; doi:10.3390/su4123362 OPEN ACCESS sustainability ISSN 2071-1050 /journal/sustainability Article Sustainable Community Sanitation for a Rural Hospital in Haiti Jay N. Meegoda *, Hsin-Neng Hsieh, Paul Rodriguez and Jason Jawidzik Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07102, USA * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: meegoda@; Tel.: +1-973-596-2464; Fax: +1-973-596-5790. Received: 23 October 2012; in revised form: 6 December 2012 / Accepted: 12 December 2012 / Published: 18 December 2012 Abstract: A fully sustainable sanitation system was developed for a rural hospital in Haiti. The system operates by converting human waste into biogas and fertilizer without using external energy. It is a hybrid anaerobic/aerobic system that maximizes methane production while producing quality compost. The system first separates liquid and solid human waste at the source to control carbon to nitrogen ratio and moisture content to facilitate enhanced biodegradation. It will then degrade human waste through anaerobic digestion and capture the methane gas for on-site use as a heating fuel. For anaerobic decomposition and methane harvesting a bioreactor with two-stage batch process was designed. Finally, partially degraded human waste is extracted fro