脑电图呈弥漫性慢波.PPT

Epilepsy Epilepsy 汤业磊（浙二神经内科） The problems 癫痫概念及病因 癫痫的分类 癫痫发作时脑电图特点 诊断及鉴别诊断 癫痫的治疗 癫痫的预后 The problems 癫痫概念及病因 癫痫的分类 癫痫发作时脑电图特点 诊断及鉴别诊断 癫痫的治疗 癫痫的预后 Ⅰ何为癫痫? Definition: Epilepsy is a group of chronic disorders characterized by recurrent seizure, which is a transient disturbance of cerebral function caused by an abnormal neuronal discharge. Ⅱ常见病因 pathogenesis: It caused by the neurologic disbalance between excitation and inhibition, and the abnormal stability of membrane potential. It may be increase of neuron excitation or decrease of inhibition, and abnormality of membrane. Classification by etiology: Idiopathic epilepsy Symptomatic epilepsy -- Congenital cerebral diseases -- Cerebral trauma Diseases in antenatal period and perinatal diseases After febrile convulsion Infections Toxicosis Cerebrovascular diseases Intracranial tumors Nutritional, metabolic diseases Degeneral, demyelinating diseases The problems 癫痫概念及病因 癫痫的分类 癫痫发作时脑电图特点 诊断及鉴别诊断 癫痫的治疗 癫痫的预后 Classification Jenny Epilepsies are classified in five ways: By their first cause (or etiology). By the observable manifestations of the seizures, known as semiology. By the location in the brain where the seizures originate. As a part of discrete, identifiable medical syndromes. By the event that triggers the seizures, as in primary reading epilepsy or musicogenic epilepsy Classification of Epileptic Seizures Partial-onset seizures Generalized-onset seizures Partial-onset seizures are further classified as simple partial seizures, complex partial seizures, or secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures simple partial seizures ~ a seizure with preserved consciousness. with complex partial seizures have an aura. sensory, motor, autonomic, psychic types. Any discrete experience that involves the cerebral cortex. diagnosis is based on the repeated, stereotypic occurrence of the same experience in association with focal EEG changes. Complex par