有哪些信誉好的足球投注网站adaptation to aridity in the malaria mosquito anopheles gambiae chromosomal inversion polymorphism and body size influence resistance to desiccation适应干旱的疟蚊冈比亚疟蚊染色体倒置多态性抵抗干燥和身体大小的影响.pdfVIP
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adaptation to aridity in the malaria mosquito anopheles gambiae chromosomal inversion polymorphism and body size influence resistance to desiccation适应干旱的疟蚊冈比亚疟蚊染色体倒置多态性抵抗干燥和身体大小的影响
Adaptation to Aridity in the Malaria Mosquito Anopheles
gambiae: Chromosomal Inversion Polymorphism and
Body Size Influence Resistance to Desiccation
1,2 3¤ 3 1,2
Caroline Fouet , Emilie Gray , Nora J. Besansky , Carlo Costantini *
´
1 Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD), UMR MIVEGEC (UM1, UM2, CNRS 5290, IRD 224), Montpellier, France, 2 Organisation pour la Coordination de la lutte
´
contre les Endemies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaounde, Cameroon, 3 Eck Institute for Global Health, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame,
Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
Abstract
Chromosomal inversions are thought to confer a selective advantage in alternative habitats by protecting co-adapted alleles
from recombination. The frequencies of two inversions (2La and 2Rb) of the afro-tropical malaria mosquito Anopheles
gambiae change gradually along geographical clines, increasing in frequency with degree of aridity. Such clines can result
from gene flow and local selection acting upon alternative karyotypes along the cline, suggesting that these inversions may
be associated with tolerance to xeric conditions. Since water loss represents a major challenge in xeric habitats, it can be
supposed that genes inside these inversions are involved in water homeostasis. To test this hypothesis, we compared the
desiccation resistance of alternative karyotypes from a colonised 2Rb/2La polymorphic population of A. gambiae from
Cameroon. The strain included only the molecular form S, one of the genetic units marking incipient speciation in this taxon.
Day-old mosquitoes of both sexes were assayed ind
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