锅炉燃烧自动控制14.6.10.doc

工业锅炉燃烧控制系统设计 摘要 工业锅炉广泛用于火力发电、化工生产等重要的工业领域。锅炉燃烧状态的好坏是使锅炉正常工作的第一要素。现代对于工业锅炉燃烧控制系统的要求较高，要求锅炉的工作状态能实时跟随负载的变化，特别是对于用于火力发电的锅炉的燃烧状态，要跟随电网负荷的变化而变化，以便达到高效运行和节能降耗的目的，特别是现代对于环保的要求越来越高，所以对锅炉燃烧是否完全和烟气排放质量的要求也越来越高，因此工业锅炉燃烧控制系统的性能好坏，对于保障锅炉的安全，使之高效运行，都具有十分重要的意义。 本文是对燃烧率控制的三个子系统分别进行结构设计，并根据各参数特征对控制系统中的传感器执行器进行选型。本设计任务就是对锅炉燃烧控制系统的工作原理进行进一步的深层次分析，对其结构进行优化设计。 在控制方式上，综合运用了单回路控制、串级控制、比值控制、前馈控制等控制方式，实现了燃料量控制调节蒸汽压力、送风量控制调节烟气含氧量、引风量控制炉膛负压，并有效地克服了彼此的扰动，使整个系统稳定的运行。 关键词：工业锅炉 燃烧控制 串级控制 前馈控制 Industrial boiler combustion control system design ABSTRACT Industrial boiler is widely used in thermal power, chemical production and other important industrial fields. The stand or fall of boiler combustion state is to make the normal work of the boiler, the first thing to do. Modern high to the requirement of industrial boiler combustion control system, real-time work condition of the boiler can follow the change of the load, especially for coal-fired boiler combustion status, follow the changes of power load, in order to achieve the purpose of efficient operation and saving energy and reducing consumption, especially modern more and more high to the requirement of environmental protection, so the quality requirements are the boiler combustion and flue gas emissions also more and more high, so the performance of industrial boiler combustion control system is good or bad, to ensure the safety of boiler run efficiently, has very important significance. This article is about the three subsystems respectively to control the combustion rate of structural design, and according to the characteristics of various parameters on the selection of sensor, actuator control system. This design task is to the working principle of boiler combustion control system for further deep analysis of the structure optimization design. In the mode of control, the integrated use of a single loop control, cascade control, ratio control and feed-forward control, control method, realized the fuel quantity control to adjust the stea