肾病综合症与慢性肾炎有什么区别（What is the difference between nephrotic syndrome and chronic nephritis）.docVIP

肾病综合症与慢性肾炎有什么区别（What is the difference between nephrotic syndrome and chronic nephritis） What is the difference between nephrotic syndrome and chronic nephritis? There are some differences between the symptoms of nephrotic syndrome and chronic nephritis, so what are the differences between them? Nephrotic syndrome is a clinical syndrome characterized by large amounts of proteinuria (24 hours, more than 3.5 grams of urine protein), hyperlipidemia, and varying degrees. In the early stage of nephrotic syndrome, the basement membrane lesion is mild. With the progression of the lesion, a large amount of protein is excreted from urine, which is an important cause of the decrease of plasma proteins. The decrease of plasma protein, especially the decrease of albumin, results in the decrease of colloid osmotic pressure and the exudation of fluid into the blood vessel, resulting in the edema of tissue and the decrease of the effective blood volume. The mechanism of hyperlipidemia in renal disease is not very clear. When large amounts of urine proteins are lost, as the synthesis of albumin in the liver increases, the synthesis of lipoproteins also increases, becoming the cause of hyperlipidemia. In addition, the decrease in lipoprotein lipase activity leads to a decrease in lipid clearance and may be partly responsible. [nephrotic syndrome symptoms] 1. simple primary nephrotic syndrome is common in children and adolescents. The ratio of male to female is about 2:1. (1) the whole body can be sunken edema, with facial, lower limbs and scrotum as obvious, often ascites, general body condition is still good, no hypertension. (2) oliguria, urinary protein is ~ + + + + + + +, quantitative 0.1g/ (kg - D). Microscopic examination of urine with occasional small amounts of red blood cells. (3) plasma total protein was lower than normal, albumin decreased more significantly (30g/L), serum protein electrophoresis showed that the proportion of albumin decreased, the proportion of globular