肛肠外科解剖学的现代进展（Recent advances in anatomy of Department of anus intestine surgery）.docVIP

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肛肠外科解剖学的现代进展（Recent advances in anatomy of Department of anus intestine surgery）.doc

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肛肠外科解剖学的现代进展（RecentadvancesinanatomyofDepartmentofanus

肛肠外科解剖学的现代进展（Recent advances in anatomy of Department of anus intestine surgery） Recent advances in anatomy of Department of anus intestine surgery In the past half century, there has been a new situation in the study of Department of anus intestine surgery anatomy, which has greatly promoted the development of Department of anus intestine surgery. The main candidates are summarized as follows. Applied anatomy of 1. hemorrhoids The anal pad has a circle of tissue about 1.5 ~ 2.0cm above the line of tooth in the anal canal. It was formerly called the hemorrhoid area. The area is thick and soft, and in 1975 the Thomson was named anal pad. According to the view of the anus, the anal pad can be divided into 3 blocks: right, front, right, back and left by the Y groove. They are relatively concentrated by the 12~14 rectal columns. The 3 anal pads, like the three cusps of the heart, assist the sphincter to maintain the normal closure of the anal canal. An anatomical entity in which the anal shelf occurs at birth. The main structural components are mucosal epithelium, vascular, smooth muscle, and elastic connective tissue fibers. Thomson (1975) and Bernstein (1983) were compared with the normal anal pad specimens of the cadavers, and it was found that there was no obvious difference between the two groups. The epithelium of the mucosa and the region of the hemorrhoid is a transitional epithelium between the columnar epithelium and the stratified squamous epithelium (ATZ epithelium). There are eosinophils in the epithelium, that is, EC cells and IgA secreting cells. The former is associated with the mucosal plexus and participates in the initiation of afferent excitation associated with anal atresia, which is associated with local immunity in the anal canal. The sensory nerve terminals in the epithelium are very rich, and their innervation is different from that of the skin, while the innervation of the sensory nerve is obviously similar to that of the lips. The function