第六章 脂类代谢（The sixth chapter is lipid metabolism）.docVIP

第六章 脂类代谢（The sixth chapter is lipid metabolism） The sixth chapter is lipid metabolism Teaching target: 1. master the structure, physiological function and enzymatic hydrolysis of lipids. 2. grasp the pathway of glycerol oxidation and fatty acid beta oxidation, the generation and utilization of ketone bodies, and other pathways for the oxidation of fatty acids. 3. master of palmitic acid synthesis parts, raw materials, pathways and key enzymes; familiar with fatty acid chain length and saturation to understand the regulation of fatty acid metabolism. 4. familiar with the biosynthesis of lecithin and brain phospholipids. 5. familiar with the site, raw material, process and transformation of cholesterol synthesis. Introduction: lipid is an important nutrient of the human body, divided into two categories: fat and lipid. The main function of fat is energy storage and energy supply. Lipids, including phospholipids, glycolipids, cholesterol and their esters, are important components of biological membranes, involved in cell recognition and information transmission, and are precursors of a variety of biologically active substances. There are two sources of fatty acids in the body: first, the body itself is synthesized, stored in fat tissue as fat, and mobilized from fat as needed. Saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids are mainly synthesized by the organism itself. Another source of dietary fat supply, especially some polyunsaturated fatty acids, the animal body itself can not be synthesized, need to be extracted from vegetable oil, called essential fatty acids. This chapter focuses on the decomposition and anabolism of fats. Section 1 Introduction Lipids Fat (fat), also known as triglyceride (triglyceride, TG). Fat cells are the major reservoir of mammalian fat. Glycogen can be in a short time (about 1H) is used to provide energy for muscle contraction, but sustained, intense work, such as the marathon race, migratory birds lasting flight and locust migrat