生化第十三章（Biochemical thirteenth chapters）.docVIP

生化第十三章（Biochemical thirteenth chapters） The thirteenth chapter is the structure of nucleic acid exercises 1. compare the chemical structure, macromolecular structure, and biological function of DNA and RNA. Answer: as the DNA composition of the primary structure of DNA, the number of nucleotide residues by the thousands and tens of millions; and the composition of the RNA is the number of nucleotide RNA, only tens of thousands to. In addition to the DNA molecule A=T, G=C, A and RNA molecules and U, G and C. The similarities between the two are that they are single nucleotide units, and nucleotide residues are linked by 3, 5-, phosphoric acid, two ester bonds. Two stage structure: DNA is a double stranded molecule. The 2 chains are formed by hydrogen bonds and base pairs (A-T, G-C), forming a double helix of two structures, usually right-handed helix and left-handed helix. RNA is a single stranded molecule, different parts of the molecule inside (some close, also can through the distance) base pairing (A-U, G-C and G-U), the formation of both single stranded and double stranded RNA two grade structure, RNA two structural elements: hydrocarbon ring (hairpin) internal structure, ring structure branch, ring structure and center ring structure etc.. 2. what are the characteristics of the human genome structure that has been revealed? 3. what are the characteristics of prokaryotes and eukaryotes mRNA? Answer: in prokaryotes operon transcription units, producing polycistronic mRNA, which has more than one encoding a mRNA chain, the 5 end and the 3 end of each section of untranslated region (UTR). Prokaryotic mRNA, including bacteriophage RNA, has no modified base. Eukaryotic mRNA is monocistronic, 5 end caps (CAP) structure, followed by the 5 non encoding region, encoding region, non encoding region, 3 3 end for poly (poly (A)) tail in the molecule and sometimes rarely methylated bases. What are the basic elements of the 4.DNA double helix structure? What basic life phenom