生化知识点（Biochemical knowledge point）.docVIP

生化知识点（Biochemical knowledge point） Peptide unit: participate in the peptide bond in the peptide 6 atom C alpha 1, C, H, O, N, C alpha 2 in the same plane, the position of the C alpha 1 and alpha 2 C in the plane of the trans structure, the 6 atoms on the same plane form peptide unit. DNA denaturation: double stranded DNA is dissociated into two single stranded processes under the influence of denaturation factors (e.g., heating, over acid, or over alkali conditions). Ribozyme: a nucleic acid having catalytic activity. The active center of an enzyme: a group of essential groups that are close to each other in space, forming a region with a specific spatial structure, capable of binding specifically to substrate and converting the substrate into a product. Isozyme: a group of enzymes that catalyze the same chemical reaction, the molecular structure, physical and chemical properties of enzyme proteins, and even different immunological properties Gluconeogenesis: the specific process in which glucose is produced from pyruvate. Lactic acid cycle: the glucose in the muscle is ferment to lactic acid in the relative hypoxia, the lactic acid circulate into the liver, the sugar is different from glucose, and the circulation of the blood is absorbed by the muscle. Pasteur effect: inhibition of glycolysis by aerobic oxidation of sugars. Ketone: refers to produce fatty acid decomposition in liver mitochondria of specific intermediates, beta hydroxybutyrate acetoacetate and acetone. Fat mobilization: refers to triglyceride stored in fat cells, gradually hydrolyzed by esterase to rational fatty acids and glycerin and released into the blood and transported by blood to other tissues by oxidation process. Essential fatty acid: a group of polyunsaturated fatty acids that are synthesized by plants, which are not synthesized by the body and must be obtained from food, comprise linoleic acid, linolenic acid, peanut, and four oleic acids. Oxidative phosphorylation: metabolite of hydrogen