甘油（glycerol）.docVIP

甘油（glycerol） 5. Used as sweetening agent, absorbent and solvent of tobacco in the food industry. 6, in papermaking, cosmetics, leather, photography, printing, metal processing, electrical materials and rubber and other industries have a wide range of uses. 7 and used as an automobile and jet fuel as well as an antifreeze for oil fields. [history of glycerin]: first discovered in 1779 by Scheel, in 1823, it was recognized that the components of oils contain Chevreul, which means sweet, hence the name Glycerine. During World War I, the output of gunpowder was greatly increased because of its manufacture of gunpowder. The simplest three hydroxy alcohol. Molecular formula: C3H8O3, structure simple HOCH2CH (OH) CH2OH. Also called glycerin. In nature, glycerin is mainly found in plants and animals in the form of glycerides and contains a small amount of glycerin in palm oil and other very few fats. Colorless viscous liquid. Sweet. Melting point 20 DEG C, boiling point 290 DEG C (decomposition), relative density 1.2613 (20/4 DEG C). Pure glycerin can form crystalline solid. When it is cold to 15 - 55 degrees centigrade, it is easy to crystallize and has strong water absorption. It can be miscible with water and soluble in acetone, trichloroethylene and ether alcohol mixture. Glycerol is similar to a one element alcohol, e.g., reacts with sodium to form a single, glycerin, sodium alcohol. Reactions with dry hydrogen chloride yield 2, 3-, two hydroxyl, -1-, chloropropane, and 1, 3-, two hydroxy -2- chloropropane. In the ether solution reacted with hydrogen chloride, which mainly produces 2- hydroxy -1, 3- two chloropropane. When oxidized, the formation of glycerol, aldehyde and glycerol acid, when the reduction of propylene glycol. (properties and stability) colorless viscous liquid; taste slightly sweet, with water and ethanol can be mixed, can absorb moisture in the humid air, the cold crystallization time can block temperature can be slightly soluble, so it should be seal