甘露醇应用指南（Guidelines for the use of mannitol）.docVIP

甘露醇应用指南（Guidelines for the use of mannitol） The following is a clinical application guidelines for mannitol, we hope to help you a little. The pharmacological mechanism and characteristics of mannitol and its side effects. 20% of mannitol is six carbon polyol, its molecular weight is 163, three times of urea, pH value is 5-7. For high permeability water reducing agent, non-toxic, stable effect. The body after intravenous injection of mannitol, plasma osmotic pressure increased rapidly mainly distributed in the extracellular fluid, only a small part (about 3% of the total) into glycogen in the liver, most (97%) by rapid filtration of glomerular, resulting in high osmotic pressure, renal tubular reabsorption of blocking water; at the same time it can expand the renal arteries, increased renal blood flow, resulting in diuresis. Therefore, mannitol on the bodys blood sugar interference is not large, for patients with diabetes can still be applied. As the plasma osmolality increases rapidly, the osmotic pressure difference between the blood and cerebrospinal fluid is formed. The water moves from the brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid to the blood circulation and is excreted by the kidneys. To reduce the amount of intracellular and external fluid, so as to reduce cerebral edema and reduce intracranial pressure. Mannitol may also reduce cerebrospinal fluid secretion and increase its reabsorption, eventually reducing cerebrospinal fluid volume and lowering intracranial pressure. In addition, mannitol or a free radical scavenger strong, fast scavenging free radical chain reaction poisoning strong, the broad role of intermediary groups of hydroxyl radicals, prevent the penumbra area irreversible damage and reduce neurological damage, reduce blood viscosity, improve circulation, so in recent years has been mannitol as a neuroprotective agent [for clinical. The effect of mannitol on lowering intracranial pressure is not only a simple diuretic, but also mainly caused by increa