Principles of Health Administration University （健康管理大学的原则）.pptVIP

Supervision Styles of leader authority: Autocratic Consultative Participative Democratic Free rein Supervision Factors affecting style of supervision: Condition present Type of work Subordinates characteristics Personal characteristic of manager Evaluation Definition: “systemic collection of information about the activities, characteristics and outcomes of programs, personnel, and products fpr use by specific people to reduce uncertainties, improve effectiveness and make decision with regard to what those programs, personnel or products are doing and affecting.” Types of Evaluation Process Outcome /impact Structure Types of Evaluation Program Implementation Program planning Program impact Structure evaluation Process or Formative evaluation Impact or summative Evaluation Facilities/ Equipment/ Manpower/ organization Performance of staff/ way procedures are done Measurable Indicators + Health related impacts Elements of Evaluation Relevance Adequacy Accessibility Acceptability Effectiveness Efficiency Impact Steps of Evaluation (1) Describe the program in terms of objectives expected. Objectives can be either outcome or process objectives. Outcome objectives: “a statement of the amount of change expected for a given health problem for a specified population within a given time frame” Process objectives: “a statement of the amount of change expected in the performance and utilization of interventions that impact on the outcome.” (2) specify the evaluation design. Define the purpose of evaluation Define the methodology of evaluation (census/ client records/ interviews/ surveys/ expenditures reports). Define who will be making use of the data (audience/ policy makers). (3) gather credible evidence (information): Types of data include: Demographic description Indicators of health status (morbidity, mortality, disability) Qualitative indicato